当地时间5月16日，加拿大总理贾斯廷·特鲁多受邀参加纽约大学毕业典礼，纽约大学授予其法学荣誉博士学位，特鲁多在毕业典礼上发表演讲，鼓励毕业生们用自己的努力去改变这个世界。以下为演讲双语对照全文：
Bonjour tout le monde! Merci et félicitations!
大家好！谢谢大家！
I am very happy to be here with you today, deeply honored. Thank you for that kind introduction, Niobe. Andy, it’s wonderful to see you again. I am so grateful for the honor you and NYU have given me today.
今天我很荣幸能在这里给大家发表演讲，感谢Niobe的介绍，很开心又能见到你，Andy，很感谢你和纽约大学给我的这个机会。
Now, you know — you may not know, but Andrew is an honorary Canadian and British Columbian because, like me, he studied at the University of British Columbia back in the day. It makes me proud that Canada was part of Andrew’s formation, just as NYU has helped form so many amazing Canadians, including two members of my own staff.
你们知道吗？Andy是加拿大人，来自英属哥伦比亚。和我一样，他也就读于英属哥伦比亚大学。我很骄傲加拿大培养了Andy这样的人才，同样感谢纽约大学为我们输送了很多优质的人才，我的两个下属也毕业于纽大。
I’m actually told that 180 of the NYU class of 2018 are Canadians. Hello! Welcome, my friends!
我听说纽约大学2018级毕业生中有180名学生来自我们加拿大。朋友们，你们好。
I have to say, to be here now, speaking with all of you — in Yankee Stadium, one of the greatest places in one of the greatest cities on Earth — is more than a little humbling. My friends, you are now NYU graduates — the best and the brightest. You have great potential and possibilities. And therefore, you have enormous responsibility, too.
我不得不说，能站在洋基体育场——纽约最棒的地方之一与你们交谈，实在是一件非常荣幸的事。朋友们，你们现在是纽约大学的毕业生，你们都很优秀，拥有无限的潜能，可以说前途无量。也正因为如此，你们也需要承担巨大的责任。
So today, I’d like to talk about the nature of both those things, and I’d like to offer you a challenge. One that I think is essential for your future success as individuals, and as the leaders that you are becoming.
所以今天，我想说下潜能和责任的本质。首先我要给你们一个挑战。挑战无论是对个人还是领导者的成功都至关重要。
Among the many things I admire about NYU, is that about a fifth of the students are international. And a similar proportion are the very first in their families to go to college. This group is truly diverse in every possible way. And I think that is an extraordinarily valuable and important thing. When I graduated in the early 1990s, I went on a trip around the world with a few good friends — who actually remain good friends to this day, which is sort of a miracle.
纽约大学最让我钦佩的地方之一，便是它拥有五分之一的国际生，并且也有五分之一的学生是他们家族中第一个上大学的。这个群体具有高度的多样性，我认为这是十分有价值而重要的。90年代我毕业时，我和一些好朋友到世界各地游玩，我们直到现在还是很好的朋友，这真的是件很神奇的事。
We trekked and traveled, mostly over land, from Europe to Africa to Asia. And that remains one of the great formative experiences of my life. It was an amazing adventure.
我们一起旅行，从欧洲到非洲再到亚洲，这至今仍是我人生中最宝贵的经历，这真的是一场神奇的冒险。
It was also a really important contributor to my continued, broader education. Because it forced me, really for the first time as an adult, to meet, engage, befriend people whose views and experiences, ideas, values and language were very different from my own. When a kid from Montreal meets a Korean fisherman living in Mauritania, befriends a Russian veteran of their Afghan war, or a shopkeeper and his family living in Danang, interesting conversations always happen.
这次旅行促使我不断学习、拓展知识面，因为它促使我第一次作为一名成年人，结交了一群与我拥有不同观点、经历、想法、价值观、说着不同语言的人。当一个来自蒙特利尔的孩子认识了一个住在毛里塔尼亚的韩国渔民，遇到了阿富汗战争的俄罗斯士兵，或是结交了一个岘港的店主和他的家人，将会发生十分有趣的交谈。
Now, maybe some of you have talked about doing something like a great trip like that after graduation. But I’d be willing to bet one of the first things you heard was a warning: “You can’t do that in this day and age. It’s not safe!” But here’s my question: Is it really just the issue of physical safety that makes our loved ones so anxious at the idea of us getting out there, or is it the threat that if we look past our frames — the frames of our own lives, of our own community’s structured values and belief systems — to truly engage with people who believe fundamentally different things, we could perhaps be transformed into someone new and unfamiliar to those who know and love us?
现在也许你们中已经有人开始商量着在毕业后进行一次那样的旅行，但首先我要给你们一个忠告：在这个年代不能再那么做了，很不安全。但我有一个疑问：真的是安全问题让我们的亲人担忧我们的外出吗？还是说这种担忧是来自我们要超越我们群体的固有价值观和信仰体系，去结识一群与我们有着不同信仰的人，从而可能使我们变成一个全新的、为我们亲人所不熟知的人的威胁。
See, there’s no question that today’s world is more complex than it was in the mid-1990s. There are serious and important problems that we are grappling with and will continue to grapple with.Now, we can see it all around us — there’s a peculiar fascination with dystopia in our culture today. You see it everywhere on film and TV, but the truth is that, on balance, we have the good fortune to live in a time of tremendous possibility and potential; a time when it is within our grasp to eliminate extreme poverty, to end terrible diseases like malaria and TB, and to offer a real chance at an education to everyone on this planet.
毫无疑问，当今世界比二十世纪九十年代中期更加复杂，我们在与严重且重要的问题作斗争，并且这种斗争将持续。但如果我们将自己困在在意识形态、社会、智力泡沫化环境里，即使我们互相尊重，共同解决问题，也无法实现目标。如今的文化社会，反乌托邦思潮盛行，我们周围充斥着这一问题。不论是在电影里还是电视上，你都可以看到它的身影。但总的来说我们很幸运，我们生活在一个充满可能性和潜力的时代，我们可以消除极端贫困，治愈像疟疾和肺结核这样的疾病，可以给每一个人提供受教育的机会。
But for us to move forward, to keep moving and moving forward, we have to do it together — all together. Humanity has to fight our tribal mindset. We go to the same church? Cool, you’re in my tribe. You speak my language? You’re in my tribe. You’re an NYU alumni? You’re in my tribe. You play Pokémon Go? You’re a vegetarian? You like the Yankees? You go to the gun range? You’re pro-choice? Tribe, tribe, tribe. But of course, its not the “belonging” part that is the problem, it’s the corollary: You are part of my tribe, and they are not.
但如果想要更进一步，就需要我们共同努力，我们必须与部落观念作斗争。我们去同一个教堂吗？很好，你我同属一个部落。你跟我说用一种语言吗？你我同属一个部落。你是纽约大学的校友吗？你我同属一个部落。你玩Pokémon Go吗？你是素食主义者吗？你喜欢美国人吗？你去靶场吗？你支持堕胎合法吗？部落、部落、部落。但问题不在于你我是否同属一个部落，而是人们理所当然认为：你我同属一个部落，他们不是。
Whether it’s race, gender, language, sexual orientation, religious or ethnic origin, or our beliefs and values themselves — diversity doesn’t have to be a weakness. It can be our greatest strength. Now often, people talk about striving for tolerance. Now, don’t get me wrong: there are places in this world where a little more tolerance would go a long way, but if we’re being honest right here, right now, I think we can aim a little higher than mere tolerance.
不论是种族、性别、性取向、宗教、种族本源，或是我们的信仰和价值观，多样化都不应该成为弱点，应该成为我们最大的优势。现在人们经常谈论容忍，但我要说的是：虽然有时候多点容忍确实带来很大好处，但实话实说，我觉得我们的目标应该不仅仅是做到容忍。
Think about it: Saying “I tolerate you” actually means something like, “Ok, I grudgingly admit that you have a right to exist, just don’t get in my face about it, and oh, don’t date my sister.” There’s not a religion in the world that asks you to “tolerate thy neighbor.” So let’s try for something a little more like acceptance, respect, friendship, and yes, even love. And why does this matter? Because, in our aspiration to relevance; in our love for our families; in our desire to contribute, to make this world a better place, despite our differences, we are all the same.
仔细想一想，我原谅你这句话实际上是在说：好吧，我勉强承认你有权利存活于世，只是不要出现在我面前，哦对了，也不要跟我妹妹约会。世界上没有一个宗教要求你原谅邻居。所以，让我们尝试一下别的东西，例如接纳、尊敬、友情，当然还有爱。为什么这个很重要？因为我们渴望联系，爱家人，乐于奉献，想要把这个世界变得更好。尽管我们有很多不同点，但在这些方面我们都是一样的。
And when you meet and befriend someone from another country or another culture who speaks a different language or who worships differently, you quickly realize this. And here’s my main point, and the challenge I’m offering you today. Our celebration of difference needs to extend to differences of values and belief, too. Diversity includes political and cultural diversity. It includes a diversity of perspectives and approaches to solving problems. See, it’s far too easy, with social media shaping our interactions, to engage only with people with whom we already agree — members of our tribe. Well, this world is and must be bigger than that.
当你与某个来自其他国家、其他文化，说着不同的语言、有着不同的信仰的人做朋友时，你很快就能意识到这点。那么接下来，我要提出我的主要观点，以及我带给你们那个挑战，我们赞扬的差异应当扩展到价值观与信仰的差异，多样性包括政治与文化的多样性，包括不同的观点以及不同的解决问题方法。但这并不容易，因为社交媒体改变了我们互动的方式，我们只与我们赞同我们观点的人交流，也就是同一个部落的人。这个世界不局限于此，也必须不能局限于此。
So here is my request: As you go forward from this place, I would like you to make a point of reaching out to people whose beliefs and values differ from your own. I would like you to listen to them, truly listen, and try to understand them, and find that common ground. You have a world of opportunity at your fingertips. But as you go forward from here, understand that just around the corner, a whole different order of learning awaits, in which your teachers will come from every station in life, every education level, every belief system, every lifestyle. And I hope you will embrace that. You have been students, you will continue to learn all your lives, but now it is also time for you to become leaders.
所以，我的希望是：当你们从这里毕业，我希望你们能多与有不同的信仰和价值观的人交流。我希望你们认真倾听他们，试着理解他们，找到你们的共同点，这样的机会遍地都是、触手可得。但当你们从这里毕业，你们要明白，完全崭新的学习模式在等着你们。到时候，你的老师可能有不同的年纪，不同的教育水平，来自不同的信仰体系，有不同的生活方式，我希望你们能迎接这些改变，你们曾是学生，也将继续学习、终身学习，但现在也是你们成为领导者的时候了。
In every generation, leaders emerge because they one day awake to the realization that it’s not up to someone else to fix this problem, or take up that cause. It’s up to them. So now is the time for you to lead.
在每一代人中，领导者之所以会出现，是因为他们有一天意识到：这个问题并不是能由别人来解决，也不能由别人来承担，而只能靠他们。而现在是你们独当一面的时候了。
Leaders. Now, I’m sure that’s a word that’s been tossed around you and at you quite a bit over the past few hours, days, weeks and years. Leaders of tomorrow. Leaders of today. But what does it mean? What attributes does a 21st century leader need to have? What do people need most from their leaders today and tomorrow? Now, I think you need to be brave. Really brave. And I know, when you think of courageous leaders, you think of those folks who stood implacably and fearlessly, anchored in their sense of rightness, willing to pit their ideals against all comers, against the slings and arrows aimed their way. Well, I don’t think that’s brave enough. I don’t think that’s good enough for what our shared future will ask of you. I actually don’t think it’s ever been good enough.
领导者，我敢肯定，在过去的几个小时、几天、几周和几年里，你频频听到：明日领袖、今日领袖，但这意味着什么呢？21世纪的领导者需要具备何种特质？人们对今日领袖、明日领袖有何希求？现在我觉得你们需要变得勇敢，非常勇敢。我知道，说到勇敢的领袖们，你们会想到那些执着而毫无畏惧的人们。出于自身的正义感，愿意坚持他们的理想，与理想道路上遇到的一切人和武器进行斗争。但我并不认为那足够勇敢，我并不认为那足以满足我们所共同追求的美好未来的需求，事实上我从没有觉得光有勇气就够了。
Let me tell you a bit about Wilfrid Laurier, a promising young lawyer at the end of the 19th century, who would go on to become my second-favorite Prime Minister. He was raised and educated as a proud, Catholic French-Canadian, an exemplary representative of one side of the two identities that had come together to found Canada just a few decades before. The two solitudes — the other half being English-speaking, Protestant, and fiercely loyal to the British Crown — accommodated each other, cooperated together, and generally put up with each other to build our country, but still felt all too well the divisions and fault lines that had led them through almost a millennium of tensions and wars between English and French.
让我跟你们介绍下威尔弗雷德·劳里埃，19世纪末一名有前途的年轻律师，也是我第二喜欢的总理，他从小受到的教育就是要成为一个骄傲的信仰天主教的法裔加拿大人。几十年前，英法两种身份的人相融建立了加拿大，威尔弗雷德则是法裔身份的典型代表。而另一个身份的人却截然不同：他们说英语、信仰基督教、对英国皇室绝对忠诚。这两种相互独立的身份互相融合、合作、包容，建立了我们的国家，但分歧和裂纹导致英法不同身份的人近千年的紧张局势和战争，而这些分歧和裂纹仍然存在。
It was impressed upon young Wilfrid by his teachers and elders that he must stand up unflinchingly for the values and the identity of his heritage, those beliefs and approaches that were his birthright, and would be his legacy. That, they told him, was leadership.
老师和长辈们常告诫年幼的威尔弗雷德，他必须坚定不移地拥护他们的价值观和传统身份，那些他与生俱来的信仰和使命，而这些也将成为他的遗产。他们告诉他，领导者就该这样做。
But Wilfrid grew to believe otherwise. He realized that it’s actually easy to stand rooted in the conviction that you are right, and either wait for others to come to you, or wait for your chance to impose your rightness on others. He saw that it’s actually harder to seek compromise, to dig deep into yourself, your ideas and convictions, honestly and rigorously, to see where you can give and where you do need to stand, while opening yourself up to the other point of view, to seek out and find that common ground. And that remains Wilfrid Laurier’s political legacy, more than 100 years later. To let yourself be vulnerable to another point of view — that’s what takes true courage. To open yourself to another’s convictions, and risk being convinced, a little, or a lot, of the validity of their perspective.
但威尔弗雷德长大后却有了不同的想法，他意识到坚定地秉持这样一种想法是十分容易的，即：自己是正确的，不然就等着别人来支持你或向他人施加你所认为的正义。他发现更难的是去寻求妥协，去深入反思，去真诚地认真地审视自己的想法和信念。去思考你可以支持什么，你应当支持什么。同时，对不同的观点保持开放的态度，追寻并找到共同点，这就是威尔弗雷德·劳里埃留给100多年后的我们的政治遗产：去接纳不同的观点，虽然这需要真正的勇气。去接纳不同的信念，去冒着或多或少被说服的风险来认同不同的观点。
Now that’s scary: discovering that someone you vehemently disagree with might have a point. Might even be right. But it shouldn’t be scary, or threatening. Particularly to all of you, who have worked so hard these past years to pursue truth, to learn, to grow. Being open to others is what has gradually led Canadians to the understanding that differences can and must be a source of strength, not of weakness. And I say “gradually,” because 20th century Canadian history is filled with counter-examples and terrible setbacks that we are still trying to remedy today, most notably the systemic marginalization and oppression of Indigenous Peoples. We’re not perfect, of course, but that sense of openness, respect for other points of view, and acceptance of each other really does underpin our approach as we try to solve the great problems of our time. And not because we’re nice — but of course we are — but because by bringing together diverse perspectives, you get a much better shot at meeting those challenges. And that’s how we come back to you and the leaders the world needs you to be.
当发现你强烈反对的人其实言辞有理，甚至可能是对的，但这不应当让人感到恐惧或是威胁。对这些年来努力追求真理、学习、成长的你们来说，更应该是这样。对他人开放的态度，使加拿大人逐渐认识到差异可以而且必须成为力量的源泉，而不是弱点。我之所以说“逐渐”，是因为20世纪的加拿大历史满是反例、苦难重重，直到今天我们仍在弥补当时的错误。最为显著的是土著居民的全面边缘化和压迫。当然，我们并不完美，但是，这种开放感、对其他观点的尊重以及对彼此的接纳，的确是我们解决这个时代严重问题的根基所在。这么做并非因为我们心善——当然我们确实如此——而是因为当你融合不同的观点，你将更好地应对那些挑战。这也是为什么我们需要你们来当未来的领导者，也是世界对未来领导者的要求所在。
Leadership has always been about getting people to act in common cause. “We’re going to build a new country! We’re going to war! We’re going to the moon!” It usually required convincing, or coercing, a specific group to follow you. And the easiest way to do that has always been through tribal contrasts: “They believe in a different God! They speak a different language! They don’t want the same things as we do.” But the leadership we need most today and in the years to come is leadership that brings people together. That brings diversity to a common cause.
所谓领导者，一直以来都是能够号召大家为共同事业奋斗的人。“我们要建设一个新国家！我们要开战！我们要登月！”你通常需要说服或强制一个特定的群体跟随你，而最简单的做法就是通过渲染差异性：“他们的宗教信仰和我们不一样！他们说得语言和我们不一样！他们想做的和我们想做的不一样！”但在现在以及未来，我们最需要的领导者是能够团结所有人的领导者，能够团结不同的人为共同事业奋斗的领导者。
This is the antithesis of the polarization, the aggressive nationalism, the identity politics that have grown so common of late. It’s harder, of course. It’s always been easier to divide than unite. But mostly, it requires true courage. Because if you want to bring people around to your way of thinking, you need to first show them that you are open to theirs. That you are willing to enter into a conversation that might change your mind. Show respect for their point of view, and you have a better chance of actually having them listen to yours. And regardless of what happens, you will have had a genuine exchange that focused on understanding, not on winning a debate or scoring points. And you will both be improved for it.
与之相对的是，最近甚嚣尘上的两极分化、激进的民族主义和身份政治。当然，要团结很难，分裂永远比团结容易得多。最重要的是，这需要真正的勇气，因为如果你想要让别人知道你的想法，你需要先让他们知道你愿意接受他们的想法，愿意在交流中改变你的想法，对他们的观点表示尊重，然后你才有更好的机会让他人真正聆听你的想法。无论结局如何，你将获得一次的真诚的交流，你们将深入了解彼此，而不是为了谁赢得了辩论或得分更多争得面红耳赤，你们最终都将因此变成更好的自己。
Let me be very clear: this is not an endorsement of moral relativism or a declaration that all points of view are valid. Female genital mutilation is wrong, no matter how many generations have practiced it. Anthropogenic climate change is real, no matter how much some folks want to deny it. But here’s the question: do you want to win an argument and feel good about how superior you are? Or do you actually want to change behaviors and beliefs? See, it’s been pointed out that one of the many differences between Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis was that Davis preferred to win a debate, while Lincoln would rather win the war. And that’s the question: Do you want to win an argument or do you want to change the world?
我要明确一点：这不是对道德相对主义的认可，也不是所有观点都有效的宣言。女性割礼是错误的，不管多少代人实践过。人类的行为带来气候的改变是真实的，无论多少人想要否认。那么，问题来了：你是想要赢得争论、享受自己的辩解带来的优越感？还是你真正想要改变这些行为和信仰？有人曾指出，亚伯拉罕·林肯和杰弗逊·戴维斯之间的一大不同是戴维斯总想要赢得辩论，而林肯更想要赢得战争，这就是问题所在，你是想赢得争论还是想改变世界?
“With malice toward none, and charity toward all.” Let those greatest words of this country’s greatest president guide your ambitions, your hopes for yourselves, your families, your country, your planet. There is no shortage of cynicism and selfishness in the world. Be their answer, their antidote. I am abundantly optimistic about the future because of you. It is yours to make and mold and shape. The world eagerly awaits, indeed requires, your ideas. Your initiative. Your enterprise. Your energy. Your passion and compassion. Your idealism, and your ambition.
“不对他人抱有恶意,对所有人抱有善意”,让这个国家最伟大的总统的壮言,指引你的抱负、你自己、你的家人、你的国家和你所在的这个地球。这个世界不乏愤世嫉俗和自私自利,你们可以成为他们的答案，他们的解药。因为你们，我对未来充满乐观。这个世界是由你们构建、塑造和勾勒的。这个世界迫切期待着你有自己的想法、发挥你的进取心、散发你的活力、你的热情和同情、你的理想主义和野心，这些也是我们这个世界所需要的。
But remember that true courage is the essential ingredient in all your efforts.
但要记住，真正的勇气是你所有努力的基本要素。
Congratulations, Class of 2018. Now go change the world.
祝贺你们，2018届毕业生们。现在，去改变世界吧。
Merci!
谢谢！
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发表于 2018-5-26 00:11:33
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发表于 2018-5-29 17:44:47
