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Remarks by US President Biden on Afghanistan
August 16, 2021
美国总统拜登关于阿富汗局势的讲话
2021年8月16日
Good afternoon. I want to speak today to the unfolding situation in Afghanistan: the developments that have taken place in the last week and the steps we’re taking to address the rapidly evolving events.
下午好。我今天想谈谈阿富汗正在发展的局势：上周发生的事态进展以及我们为应对迅速演变的事件而采取的步骤。
My national security team and I have been closely monitoring the situation on the ground in Afghanistan and moving quickly to execute the plans we had put in place to respond to every constituency, including — and contingency — including the rapid collapse we’re seeing now.
我和我的国家安全团队一直在密切监测阿富汗的当地局势，并迅速采取行动，执行我们制定的计划，以应对意外情况——包括我们现在看到的迅速崩溃。
I’ll speak more in a moment about the specific steps we’re taking, but I want to remind everyone how we got here and what America’s interests are in Afghanistan.
我稍后将更多地谈论我们正在采取的具体步骤，但我想提醒每个人我们是如何走到这一步的，以及美国在阿富汗的利益。
We went to Afghanistan almost 20 years ago with clear goals: get those who attacked us on September 11th, 2001, and make sure al Qaeda could not use Afghanistan as a base from which to attack us again.
我们近 20 年前前往阿富汗，目标明确：抓到那些在 2001年9月11日袭击我们的人，并确保基地组织不能利用阿富汗作为再次袭击我们的基地。
We did that. We severely degraded al Qaeda in Afghanistan. We never gave up the hunt for Osama bin Laden, and we got him. That was a decade ago.
我们做到了。我们严重削弱了阿富汗的基地组织。我们从未放弃对乌萨马·本·拉登的追捕，我们抓住了他。那是十年前的事了。
Our mission in Afghanistan was never supposed to have been nation building. It was never supposed to be creating a unified, centralized democracy.
我们在阿富汗的使命从来就不应该是国家建设，从未想过要创造一个统一、集中的民主。
Our only vital national interest in Afghanistan remains today what it has always been: preventing a terrorist attack on American homeland.
我们今天在阿富汗的唯一重大国家利益仍然如此：防止对美国本土的恐怖袭击。
I’ve argued for many years that our mission should be narrowly focused on counterterrorism — not counterinsurgency or nation building. That’s why I opposed the surge when it was proposed in 2009 when I was Vice President.
多年来，我一直认为我们的使命应该只专注于反恐，而不是反叛乱或国家建设。这就是为什么我在2009年担任副总统时就反对当时提出的增兵。
And that’s why, as President, I am adamant that we focus on the threats we face today in 2021 — not yesterday’s threats.
这就是为什么作为总统，我坚持认为我们应该专注于2021年今天面临的威胁，而不是昨天的威胁。
Today, the terrorist threat has metastasized well beyond Afghanistan: al Shabaab in Somalia, al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, al-Nusra in Syria, ISIS attempting to create a caliphate in Syria and Iraq and establishing affiliates in multiple countries in Africa and Asia. These threats warrant our attention and our resources.
今天，恐怖主义威胁已经远远超出了阿富汗：索马里的青年党、阿拉伯半岛的基地组织、叙利亚的努斯拉阵线、试图在叙利亚和伊拉克建立哈里发国的伊斯兰国以及在非洲和亚洲的多个国家建立附属组织。这些威胁值得我们关注和投入资源。
We conduct effective counterterrorism missions against terrorist groups in multiple countries where we don’t have a permanent military presence.
我们在很多没有永久军事存在的国家对恐怖组织进行了有效的反恐任务。
If necessary, we will do the same in Afghanistan. We’ve developed counterterrorism over-the-horizon capability that will allow us to keep our eyes firmly fixed on any direct threats to the United States in the region and to act quickly and decisively if needed.
如有必要，我们将在阿富汗同样如此。我们发展了超视距的反恐能力，使我们能够坚定地关注该地区对美国的任何直接威胁，并在必要时采取快速果断的行动。
When I came into office, I inherited a deal that President Trump negotiated with the Taliban. Under his agreement, U.S. forces would be out of Afghanistan by May 1, 2021 — just a little over three months after I took office.
当我上任时，我继承了特朗普总统与塔利班谈判达成的协议。根据协议，美国军队将于2021年5月1日离开阿富汗——就在我上任三个月多一点。
U.S. forces had already drawn down during the Trump administration from roughly 15,500 American forces to 2,500 troops in country, and the Taliban was at its strongest militarily since 2001.
在特朗普政府期间，美军已经从大约15500名美国军队减少到2500名士兵，塔利班的军事力量处于2001年以来最强之时。
The choice I had to make, as your President, was either to follow through on that agreement or be prepared to go back to fighting the Taliban in the middle of the spring fighting season.
作为你们的总统，我必须决定要么执行该协议，要么准备在春季战斗中期重新与塔利班作战。
There would have been no ceasefire after May 1. There was no agreement protecting our forces after May 1. There was no status quo of stability without American casualties after May 1.
5月1日后不会停火。5月1日后，没有协议保护我们的部队。5月1日后，为了稳定现状将不得不出现美国的伤亡。
There was only the cold reality of either following through on the agreement to withdraw our forces or escalating the conflict and sending thousands more American troops back into combat in Afghanistan, lurching into the third decade of conflict.
冷酷的现实是，要么我们遵守协议撤出我们的军队，要么升级冲突，再派遣数千名美军重返阿富汗战斗，进入第三个十年的冲突。
I stand squarely behind my decision. After 20 years, I’ve learned the hard way that there was never a good time to withdraw U.S. forces.
我完全支持我的决定。20年后，我艰难地了解到，任何时候撤军都不会是最好的时机。
That’s why we were still there. We were clear-eyed about the risks. We planned for every contingency.
这就是为什么我们还在那里。我们对风险很清楚。我们计划了每一项应急计划。
But I always promised the American people that I will be straight with you. The truth is: This did unfold more quickly than we had anticipated.
但我总是向美国人民承诺，我会与你坦白。事实是：这确实比我们预期的要快。
So what’s happened? Afghanistan political leaders gave up and fled the country. The Afghan military collapsed, sometimes without trying to fight.
所以究竟发生了什么？阿富汗政治领导人放弃并逃离了该国。阿富汗军队崩溃了，甚至没有尝试去战斗。
If anything, the developments of the past week reinforced that ending U.S. military involvement in Afghanistan now was the right decision.
如果说有什么不同的话，过去一周的事态发展进一步表明，现在结束美国在阿富汗的军事介入是正确的决定。
American troops cannot and should not be fighting in a war and dying in a war that Afghan forces are not willing to fight for themselves. We spent over a trillion dollars. We trained and equipped an Afghan military force of some 300,000 strong — incredibly well equipped — a force larger in size than the militaries of many of our NATO allies.
阿富汗军队不愿为自己而战，美军不能也不应该为这样的战斗流血牺牲。我们花费了超过一万亿美元。我们训练并装备了一支大约30万人的阿富汗军队——装备精良——这支部队的规模比北约许多盟友的军队还要大。
We gave them every tool they could need. We paid their salaries, provided for the maintenance of their air force — something the Taliban doesn’t have. Taliban does not have an air force. We provided close air support.
我们给了他们他们所需的一切工具。我们支付了他们的工资，用于维持他们的空军——这是塔利班没有的。塔利班没有空军。我们提供近距离空中支援。
We gave them every chance to determine their own future. What we could not provide them was the will to fight for that future.
我们给了他们一切机会来决定自己的未来。但我们却无法为他们提供为未来而战的意愿。
There’s some very brave and capable Afghan special forces units and soldiers, but if Afghanistan is unable to mount any real resistance to the Taliban now, there is no chance that 1 year — 1 more year, 5 more years, or 20 more years of U.S. military boots on the ground would’ve made any difference.
阿富汗有一些非常勇敢和有能力的特种部队及士兵，但如果阿富汗现在无法对塔利班进行任何真正的抵抗，那么美国再在那里驻军1年——或者5年，20年，也不会与今天有什么不同。
And here’s what I believe to my core: It is wrong to order American troops to step up when Afghanistan’s own armed forces would not. If the political leaders of Afghanistan were unable to come together for the good of their people, unable to negotiate for the future of their country when the chips were down, they would never have done so while U.S. troops remained in Afghanistan bearing the brunt of the fighting for them.
我的核心信念是：在阿富汗自己的武装部队不去参战时，让美国的军队冲锋陷阵是错误的。如果阿富汗政治领导人们不能为了人民利益走到一起，在关键时刻无法为国家的未来进行谈判，那么即便美军留在阿富汗为他们而战也于事无补。
And our true strategic competitors — China and Russia — would love nothing more than the United States to continue to funnel billions of dollars in resources and attention into stabilizing Afghanistan indefinitely.
我们真正的战略竞争对手——中国和俄罗斯——只希望美国继续为无限期稳定阿富汗输送数十亿美元的资源和注意力。
When I hosted President Ghani and Chairman Abdullah at the White House in June and again when I spoke by phone to Ghani in July, we had very frank conversations. We talked about how Afghanistan should prepare to fight their civil wars after the U.S. military departed, to clean up the corruption in government so the government could function for the Afghan people. We talked extensively about the need for Afghan leaders to unite politically.
6月我在白宫接待加尼总统和阿卜杜拉主席，7月我再次与加尼通电话时，我们都进行了非常坦率的交谈。我们谈到了阿富汗应该如何准备在美军撤离后打内战，清理政府的腐败，以便政府能够为阿富汗人民运作。我们广泛讨论了阿富汗领导人在政治上团结的必要性。
They failed to do any of that.
他们没有做到。
I also urged them to engage in diplomacy, to seek a political settlement with the Taliban. This advice was flatly refused. Mr. Ghani insisted the Afghan forces would fight, but obviously he was wrong.
我还敦促他们进行外交活动，寻求与塔利班的政治解决方案。这个建议被断然拒绝。加尼总统坚称阿富汗军队会战斗，但显然他错了。
So I’m left again to ask of those who argue that we should stay: How many more generations of America’s daughters and sons would you have me send to fight Afghans — Afghanistan’s civil war when Afghan troops will not? How many more lives — American lives — is it worth? How many endless rows of headstones at Arlington National Cemetery?
因此，我再次问那些认为我们应该留下来的人：你会让我派多少代美国的子弟兵去与阿富汗人战斗——打一场阿富汗军队自己都不想打的内战？有多少生命——美国人的生命——值得为此付出？阿灵顿国家公墓还要增加多少排无尽的墓碑？
I’m clear on my answer: I will not repeat the mistakes we’ve made in the past — the mistake of staying and fighting indefinitely in a conflict that is not in the national interest of the United States, of doubling down on a civil war in a foreign country, of attempting to remake a country through the endless military deployments of U.S. forces.
我的答案很清楚：我不会重复我们过去犯的错误——在不符合美国国家利益的冲突中留下来无限期地战斗，在外国的内战中试图通过美军无休止的军事部署重塑一个国家。
Those are the mistakes we cannot continue to repeat, because we have significant vital interests in the world that we cannot afford to ignore.
这些是我们不能再重复的错误，因为我们在这个世界上有很多不能忽视的重大利益。
I also want to acknowledge how painful this is to so many of us. The scenes we’re seeing in Afghanistan, they’re gut-wrenching, particularly for our veterans, our diplomats, humanitarian workers, for anyone who has spent time on the ground working to support the Afghan people.
我也想承认这对我们许多人来说是多么痛苦。我们在阿富汗看到的场景令人心碎，特别是对我们的退伍军人、外交官、人道主义工作者，以及任何花时间在实地工作支持阿富汗人民的人来说。
For those who have lost loved ones in Afghanistan and for Americans who have fought and served in the country — serve our country in Afghanistan — this is deeply, deeply personal.
对于那些在阿富汗失去亲人的人来说，对于在阿富汗战斗和服务过的美国人来说——在阿富汗为我们的国家服务——这是完全个人的感受。
It is for me as well. I’ve worked on these issues as long as anyone. I’ve been throughout Afghanistan during this war — while the war was going on — from Kabul to Kandahar to the Kunar Valley.
这也是给我的。我和大家同样一致处理这些问题。在这场战争期间，我从喀布尔到坎大哈再到库纳尔河谷，我遍布阿富汗各地——当时的战争仍在持续。
I’ve traveled there on four different occasions. I met with the people. I’ve spoken to the leaders. I spent time with our troops. And I came to understand firsthand what was and was not possible in Afghanistan.
我去过那里四次。我会见了很多人。我和领导人谈过了。我花时间与我们的部队在一起。我开始第一手了解了在阿富汗什么可为，什么不可为。
So, now we’re fercus [sic] — focused on what is possible.
所以，现在是我们专注于可为的事情的时候了。
We will continue to support the Afghan people. We will lead with our diplomacy, our international influence, and our humanitarian aid.
我们将继续支持阿富汗人民。我们将以我们的外交、国际影响力和人道主义援助为主导。
We’ll continue to push for regional diplomacy and engagement to prevent violence and instability.
我们将继续推动区域外交和参与，以防止暴力和动荡。
We’ll continue to speak out for the basic rights of the Afghan people — of women and girls — just as we speak out all over the world.
我们将继续为阿富汗人民——妇女和女童——的基本权利大声疾呼，就像我们在世界各地大声疾呼一样。
I have been clear that human rights must be the center of our foreign policy, not the periphery. But the way to do it is not through endless military deployments; it’s with our diplomacy, our economic tools, and rallying the world to join us.
我一直很清楚，人权必须是我们外交政策的核心，而不是边缘。但这样做的方法不是通过无休止的军事部署；而是通过我们的外交、经济工具，以及团结世界。
Now, let me lay out the current mission in Afghanistan. I was asked to authorize — and I did — 6,000 U.S. troops to deploy to Afghanistan for the purpose of assisting in the departure of U.S. and Allied civilian personnel from Afghanistan, and to evacuate our Afghan allies and vulnerable Afghans to safety outside of Afghanistan.
现在，让我列出目前在阿富汗的任务。我被要求授权——我确实授权了——6000名美军部署到阿富汗，以协助美国和盟军文职人员离开阿富汗，并将我们的阿富汗盟友和脆弱的阿富汗人疏散到境外的安全地带。
Our troops are working to secure the airfield and to ensure continued operation of both the civilian and military flights. We’re taking over air traffic control.
我们的部队正在努力保护机场的安全，并确保民用和军用航班的持续运营。我们正在接管空中交通管制。
We have safely shut down our embassy and transferred our diplomats. Our dip- — our diplomatic presence is now consolidated at the airport as well.
我们已安全地关闭大使馆并转移了外交官。我们的外交存在目前也在机场得到巩固。
Over the coming days, we intend to transport out thousands of American citizens who have been living and working in Afghanistan.
未来几天里，我们计划运送数千名在阿富汗生活和工作的美国公民。
We’ll also continue to support the safe departure of civilian personnel — the civilian personnel of our Allies who are still serving in Afghanistan.
我们还将继续支持文职人员的安全离开——我们盟友的文职人员仍在阿富汗服役。
Operation Allies Refugee [Refuge], which I announced back in July, has already moved 2,000 Afghans who are eligible for Special Immigration Visas and their families to the United States.
我在7月份宣布的盟军难民行动已经将2000名有资格获得特别移民签证的阿富汗人及其家属转移到美国。
In the coming days, the U.S. military will provide assistance to move more SIV-eligible Afghans and their families out of Afghanistan.
在未来几天，美国军方将提供援助，将更多符合该资格的阿富汗人及其家人转移出阿富汗。
We’re also expanding refugee access to cover other vulnerable Afghans who worked for our embassy: U.S. non-governmental agencies — or the U.S. non-governmental organizations; and Afghans who otherwise are at great risk; and U.S. news agencies.
我们还在扩大难民准入范围，以覆盖在我们大使馆工作的其他弱势阿富汗人：美国非政府组织，还有面临巨大风险的阿富汗人；以及美国通讯社。
I know that there are concerns about why we did not begin evacuating Afghans — civilians sooner. Part of the answer is some of the Afghans did not want to leave earlier — still hopeful for their country. And part of it was because the Afghan government and its supporters discouraged us from organizing a mass exodus to avoid triggering, as they said, “a crisis of confidence.”
我知道有人担心为什么我们没有早点开始撤离阿富汗平民。部分答案是，一些阿富汗人不想提前离开——对他们的国家仍然充满希望。部分原因是阿富汗政府及其支持者不希望我们组织大规模流亡，以避免引发他们所说的“信任危机”。
American troops are performing this mission as professionally and as effectively as they always do, but it is not without risks.
美国军队一如既往专业有效地执行这项任务，但这并非没有风险。
As we carry out this departure, we have made it clear to the Taliban: If they attack our personnel or disrupt our operation, the U.S. presence will be swift and the response will be swift and forceful. We will defend our people with devastating force if necessary.
在我们进行这次撤离时，我们已经向塔利班明确表示：如果他们袭击我们的人员或扰乱我们的行动，美国将会给予迅速有力的反应。如有必要，我们将以毁灭性的力量保卫我们的人民。
Our current military mission will be short in time, limited in scope, and focused in its objectives: Get our people and our allies to safety as quickly as possible.
我们当前的军事任务时间短，范围有限，目标集中：尽快让我们的人民和盟友安全。
And once we have completed this mission, we will conclude our military withdrawal. We will end America’s longest war after 20 long years of bloodshed.
一旦我们完成了这项任务，我们将结束军事撤军。在经历了20年的流血之后，我们将结束美国最长的战争。
The events we’re seeing now are sadly proof that no amount of military force would ever deliver a stable, united, and secure Afghanistan — as known in history as the “graveyard of empires.”
我们现在看到的事件可悲地证明，再多的军事力量也永远不会实现一个稳定、统一和安全的阿富汗——这一在历史上被称为“帝国坟墓”的国家。
What is happening now could just as easily have happened 5 years ago or 15 years in the future. We have to be honest: Our mission in Afghanistan has taken many missteps — made many missteps over the past two decades.
现在发生的事情可能同样容易发生在5年前或15年后。我们必须诚实：我们在阿富汗的使命经历了许多错误——在过去二十年中犯了许多错误。
I’m now the fourth American President to preside over war in Afghanistan — two Democrats and two Republicans. I will not pass this responsibly on — responsibility on to a fifth President.
我现在是第四位处理阿富汗战争的美国总统——两名民主党人和两名共和党人。我不会把责任推给第五任总统。
I will not mislead the American people by claiming that just a little more time in Afghanistan will make all the difference. Nor will I shrink from my share of responsibility for where we are today and how we must move forward from here.
我不会误导美国人民，声称在阿富汗多花一点时间就能带来一切变化。我也不会逃避我们对今天所处位置以及如何从这里向前迈进的责任。
I am President of the United States of America, and the buck stops with me.
我是美利坚合众国总统，一切责任由我承担。
I am deeply saddened by the facts we now face. But I do not regret my decision to end America’s warfighting in Afghanistan and maintain a laser-focus on our counterterrorism missions there and in other parts of the world.
我对我们现在面对的事实深感悲痛。但我不后悔决定结束美国在阿富汗的战争，并保持聚焦我们在那里以及世界其他地区的反恐任务。
Our mission to degrade the terrorist threat of al Qaeda in Afghanistan and kill Osama bin Laden was a success.
我们削弱基地组织在阿富汗的恐怖主义威胁并杀死乌萨马·本·拉登的任务是成功的。
Our decades-long effort to overcome centuries of history and permanently change and remake Afghanistan was not, and I wrote and believed it never could be.
我们用几十年时间来解决几个世纪的历史问题，想要永久改变和重塑阿富汗是难以实现的，我写道并相信这永远不会达到。
I cannot and I will not ask our troops to fight on endlessly in another — in another country’s civil war, taking casualties, suffering life-shattering injuries, leaving families broken by grief and loss.
我不能也不会要求我们的军队在另一个国家的内战中无休止地战斗——在另一个国家的内战中伤亡，遭受令人心碎的伤害，让家庭因悲伤和失去亲人而破碎。
This is not in our national security interest. It is not what the American people want. It is not what our troops, who have sacrificed so much over the past two decades, deserve.
这不符合我们的国家安全利益。这不是美国人民想要的。这不是我们的部队应得的，在过去二十年里做出了如此多的牺牲。
I made a commitment to the American people when I ran for President that I would bring America’s military involvement in Afghanistan to an end. And while it’s been hard and messy — and yes, far from perfect — I’ve honored that commitment.
当我竞选总统时，我向美国人民承诺，我将结束美国在阿富汗的军事介入。虽然这很艰难，也很混乱——是的，远非完美——但我履行了这一承诺。
More importantly, I made a commitment to the brave men and women who serve this nation that I wasn’t going to ask them to continue to risk their lives in a military action that should have ended long ago.
更重要的是，我向为这个国家服务的勇敢的士兵们承诺，我不会要求他们继续冒着生命危险，这场军事行动早就应该结束。
Our leaders did that in Vietnam when I got here as a young man. I will not do it in Afghanistan.
我年轻时就来到这里，那时我们的领导人对越南就这样做了。我不会在阿富汗这样做。
I know my decision will be criticized, but I would rather take all that criticism than pass this decision on to another President of the United States — yet another one — a fifth one.
我知道我的决定会受到批评，但我宁愿接受所有这些批评，也不愿将这一决定转嫁给下一位美国总统——下一位——第五位总统。
Because it’s the right one — it’s the right decision for our people. The right one for our brave service members who have risked their lives serving our nation. And it’s the right one for America.
因为这是正确的决定——这是对我们人民做出的正确决定。对于冒着生命危险为我们的国家服务的勇敢的军人来说，这是正确的选择。这是对美国的正确选择。
So, thank you. May God protect our troops, our diplomats, and all of the brave Americans serving in harm’s way.
所以，谢谢。愿上帝保护我们的军队、外交官和以及所有不畏危险勇敢的美国人。
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发表于 2021-10-10 11:47:17
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发表于 2021-10-16 15:54:45
