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国新办就积极贡献商务力量、奋力助推全面小康有关情况举行发布会
2021年8月23日
SCIO press conference on advancing commerce development for moderate prosperity in all respects
Aug. 23, 2021
国务院新闻办新闻局局长、新闻发言人 陈文俊:
女士们、先生们，上午好！欢迎大家出席国务院新闻办公室新闻发布会。在全面建成小康社会这项伟大的事业当中，商务系统积极有为，贡献良多。今天我们很高兴地邀请到商务部部长王文涛先生，商务部副部长兼国际贸易谈判副代表王受文先生，商务部副部长钱克明先生参加新闻发布会，向大家介绍有关情况，并回答大家关心的问题。
首先，请王文涛先生介绍情况。
Chen Wenjun:
Ladies and gentlemen, good morning! Welcome to this press conference from the State Council Information Office (SCIO). The Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) has played an active part in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Today, we are delighted to be joined by Mr. Wang Wentao, minister of commerce; Mr. Wang Shouwen, vice minister of commerce and deputy China international trade representative; and Mr. Qian Keming, vice minister of commerce. They will share relevant information and answer your questions. First, let's give the floor to Mr. Wang Wentao.
商务部部长 王文涛:
各位媒体朋友们，女士们、先生们，大家上午好。很高兴今天在这里参加国务院新闻办举办的新闻发布会。首先感谢大家对商务工作一直以来的关心和支持。
Wang Wentao:
Friends from the media, ladies and gentlemen, good morning! I am very glad to be attending this SCIO press conference today. First of all, I would like to extend my appreciation to you for your long-term attention to and support for China's commerce work.
习近平总书记在庆祝中国共产党成立100周年大会上庄严宣告，我们实现了第一个百年奋斗目标，在中华大地上全面建成了小康社会。这是我们党团结带领全国人民创造的彪炳史册的历史伟业，是我国社会主义现代化建设进程中的重要里程碑。
At the ceremony marking the centenary of the Communist Party of China (CPC), General Secretary Xi Jinping announced that we have realized the first centenary goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. This historic achievement made by the Chinese people under the CPC's leadership is a key milestone in our socialist modernization drive.
商务事业，大家也都熟悉一点，联通国内国外，贯通城乡市场，关系到千家万户，在全面建成小康社会的伟大进程中也发挥了重要作用。在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，我国商务事业取得了历史性成就，发生了历史性变革。我们国家的经贸大国地位进一步得到巩固和加强，经贸强国建设的步伐加快，我国已成为全球第二大消费市场、第一贸易大国，利用外资和对外投资都稳居世界前列，参与全球经济治理能力不断加强，有力促进了经济繁荣、社会发展、民生改善。商务系统以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，心怀“国之大者”，做到四个“始终坚持”。
The commerce work connects China with the world, links urban and rural markets, and concerns each and every household. It has also played an important role in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, China's commerce work has made historic achievements and undergone significant reforms. China has further consolidated its position as a major economy and trading nation, and is accelerating its move toward becoming a quality economy and trader. While being the world's second largest consumer market and largest trading nation, China also leads the world in paid-in foreign investment and outbound investment with growing global economic governance capacities, which in turn promote economic prosperity, social development and the people's well-being. Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, the commerce system bears in mind the country's most fundamental interests and carries out the "four commitments."
下面，我简单把商务工作有关情况向大家作个介绍：
Next, I would like to share with you some information about our commerce work.
一是始终坚持扩大内需战略基点，推动形成强大国内市场。我国有14亿人口，其中4亿以上中等收入人群，形成了世界独一无二的国内大市场，拥有超大规模市场优势。所以，内需是我国经济发展的基本动力，扩大内需也是满足人民美好生活需要的必然要求。我们着力推动流通创新，打造一刻钟便民生活圈，改造提升步行街，推动零售业转型升级，推动商品市场创新发展，完善农产品冷链物流设施，健全城乡物流配送体系，推进商贸流通标准化建设，让商贸流通更顺畅、更便捷。我们着力促进消费升级，比如说在汽车、家电、餐饮、家政服务等领域。在城市方面，刚刚宣布了在五个城市培育国际消费中心城市。同时在农村，我们加强县域商业体系建设，促进农村消费。我们着力做好应急保供，面对突如其来的灾情，比如近期洪涝灾害以及多点散发的疫情，面对这样一些情况，我们加强联保联供。2020年，我国社会消费品零售总额39.2万亿元，消费已经多年成为我国经济增长的第一推动力。
First, we are committed to expanding domestic demand as a strategic priority to foster a strong domestic market. China enjoys the advantage of a unique and super-sized market with a population of 1.4 billion people and a 400-million strong middle-income group. Domestic demand is a fundamental driver of China's economic growth and its expansion is essential to meeting people's aspirations for a better life. We have driven innovation in circulation by creating 15-minute community service circles for the convenience of residents, upgrading pedestrian streets, transforming the retail sector, promoting the innovative development of commodity markets, improving cold-chain logistics facilities for agricultural products, enhancing the urban and rural logistics distribution system, and advancing the standardization of commercial circulation to make it smoother and more convenient. We have upgraded consumption by boosting the consumption of goods such as cars and home appliances, and services such as catering and housekeeping. We have recently announced five leading cities for developing into international consumption centers. Meanwhile, we have strengthened commercial systems in counties and boosted rural consumption. We have worked to ensure emergency supplies. In response to unexpected situations, such as the recent floods and sporadic coronavirus cases, we enhanced the joint supply security mechanism to ensure market supplies. In 2020, the total retail sales of consumer goods reached 39.2 trillion yuan. Consumption has been the strongest engine driving economic growth for many years.
二是始终坚持扩大对外开放，以高水平开放促进高质量发展。开放是国家繁荣发展的必由之路，以开放促改革促发展，是我国发展不断取得新成就的重要法宝。高质量发展必须有高水平的开放相匹配。我们不断扩大开放领域，进一步放宽市场准入，全国版外资准入负面清单从93项不断压缩，到目前是33项。我们放宽了汽车、金融、证券等行业外资股比限制，推动服务业扩大开放综合试点示范。我们积极打造开放新高地、新平台，比如自贸试验区，目前全国已有21个，还有高质量建设海南自由贸易港，推进国家级经济开发区创新提升。还有一些平台我们在积极推动，比如进博会、广交会、服贸会、消博会等。我们加快推动制度型开放，建立健全与跨境电商等贸易新业态、新模式相适应的体制机制。推动出台《外商投资法》以及相关实施条例，全面实施准入前国民待遇加负面清单的管理制度，对接国际规则，推动贸易投资自由化便利化。
Second, we are committed to expanding high-level opening-up to promote high-quality development. Opening-up is the only way for China to achieve national prosperity. Driven by greater opening-up, reform and development holds the key to China's continual development achievements. High-quality development requires a high-level of opening-up. We continue expanding the scope of opening-up and further broadening market access. The negative list for foreign investment has been shortened from 93 to 33 items. We have also raised foreign equity caps in areas including the automotive, finance and securities sectors. We have launched comprehensive pilot demonstration programs for wider opening-up in the services sector. We have actively built new highlands and platforms for opening-up, pushed for the establishment of 21 pilot free trade zones and the high-quality development of the Hainan Free Trade Port while promoting the innovative upgrading of national economic development zones. We ensured the success of major expos such as the China International Import Expo, Canton Fair, China International Fair for Trade in Services, and China International Consumer Products Expo. We have accelerated institutional opening-up and improved systems and mechanisms commensurate with new business types and models such as cross-border e-commerce. We have promulgated the Foreign Investment Law and regulations for its implementation, implemented a pre-establishment national treatment plus negative list management system nationwide. We aim to align with international rules and advance trade and investment liberalization and facilitation.
三是始终坚持商务为民，助力打赢脱贫攻坚战。打赢脱贫攻坚战，是全面建成小康社会最为艰巨和复杂的任务之一。我们从商务工作出发，坚持以人民为中心的发展思想。一方面发挥商务优势，努力探索具有商务特色的脱贫攻坚路径，包括推出了电商扶贫、家政扶贫、对外劳务扶贫、产业扶贫、边贸扶贫等五个方面的商务扶贫举措。另一方面，推动国际减贫合作，积极协调相关国家和国际组织将资源向中西部贫困地区倾斜，支持贫困地区产业发展。
Third, we are committed to serving the people through commerce and contributing to the victory in eradicating poverty. Winning the fight against poverty is the most daunting and complex task for achieving moderate prosperity in all respects. We have been upholding a people-centered development philosophy in the commerce work. On one hand, we have leveraged the strengths of commerce and introduced measures in five commerce-related areas of e-commerce, housekeeping services, overseas labor services, industrial growth and border trade. On the other, we have actively cooperated with other countries and international organizations to channel more development aid to impoverished regions in central and western China to support local industrial development.
四是始终坚持人类命运共同体理念，推动互利合作和共同发展。我们积极推动共建“一带一路”，深化与共建国家贸易投资合作，密切经贸、人文交流，为各国带来新发展机遇和更广阔的市场，同时，也让各国分享我们改革发展红利。实施好合作与援外项目，为广大发展中国家特别是最不发达国家提供力所能及的帮助，这也是我们践行人类命运共同体理念的具体实践。我们积极参与国际经济治理，在G20、APEC、金砖国家等多边场合提出了中国方案，贡献了中国智慧，坚定维护以世贸组织为核心的多边贸易体制，推动建设面向全球高标准自贸区网络。
Fourth, we are committed to pursuing mutually beneficial cooperation and common development under the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind. We have pressed ahead with the Belt and Road cooperation by intensifying trade and investment cooperation with partner countries and forging closer business and cultural exchanges, so that all countries can enjoy new development opportunities and broader markets, and share in the dividends of China's reform and development. Through our well-implemented cooperation and foreign aid projects, we have provided assistance within our ability to developing countries, notably the least developed countries, as part of our efforts to implement the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind. We have played an active part in international economic governance, put forward China's proposals and contributed Chinese wisdom to multilateral meetings such as the G20, APEC and BRICS. We firmly uphold the multilateral trading system with the WTO as the core and are striving to build an international network of high-standard free trade zones.
展望未来，全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程已经开启。商务工作按照国家要求，我们做了明确定位，这个定位就是商务工作是国内大循环的重要组成部分，是联结国内国际双循环的重要枢纽，在新发展格局当中会发挥重要作用。商务工作的定位是“三个重要”，国内大循环的重要组成部分，商务工作包括内贸这一块。国内国际双循环的重要枢纽，涉及外贸、外资、内贸等。我们的工作可以在新发展格局中发挥重要作用，在新征程上责任重大，使命光荣。我们将以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，立足新发展阶段，完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，围绕“三个重要”定位，我们把今年的具体工作也分成“5+5”，即在畅通国内大循环方面，提升传统消费，培育新型消费，升级消费平台，优化流通网络，壮大流通主体；在促进国内国际双循环方面，稳住外资外贸基本盘，深化“一带一路”经贸合作，促进内外贸一体化，建设高水平开放平台，加强多双边经贸合作。所以，“三个重要”具体来讲分解成国内大循环五个重点工作、国内国际双循环五个重点工作，构成了全年商务工作的基本要点。
Looking ahead, we will march forward on the new journey toward fully building a modern socialist country. The positioning of the commerce work can be summarized in three important aspects, that is, commerce work, as an important part of the domestic circulation and an important link between domestic and international circulations, plays an important role in building a new development paradigm. Commerce work is an important part of the domestic circulation as it includes domestic trade. The position as an important link between domestic and international circulations involves foreign trade, foreign investment and domestic trade. Our work can play an important role in building a new development paradigm. Ahead of us are heavy responsibilities and a noble mission. We will follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, ground our work in the new stage of development, and fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy. With our focus on the positioning in the above three important aspects, we have introduced a portfolio of "5+5" measures for this year's work. Specifically, for smoother domestic circulation, we will take five measures of elevating traditional consumption, fostering new types of consumption, upgrading consumption platforms, optimizing distribution networks, and developing stronger distributors. To promote international and domestic circulations, we will also make efforts in five aspects of keeping the fundamentals of foreign trade and foreign investment stable, deepening Belt and Road economic and trade cooperation, promoting the integration of domestic and foreign trade, developing high-standard opening-up platforms, and strengthening multilateral and bilateral trade and economic cooperation. To sum up, the three important aspects will be implemented through the five measures in domestic circulation and another five in international and domestic circulations, which together constitute our fundamental tasks this year.
下面，我和我的同事王受文先生、钱克明先生愿意接受各位媒体的提问。谢谢。
Next, my colleagues and I will answer your questions. Thank you.
陈文俊:
谢谢王部长。下面欢迎提问，提问前请通报自己所在的新闻机构。
Chen Wenjun:
Thank you, Mr. Wang. The floor is now open for questions. Please identify your news outlet before asking your questions.
中央广播电视总台央视记者:
从实现温饱到总体小康，再到全面建成小康社会的历史进程中，我国的消费结构实现了从温饱型、小康型向富裕型、享受型变化，请问商务部如何推动消费升级的？今后还有哪些举措？谢谢。
CCTV:
During the historic transformation from secure access to food and clothing to a decent life, and finally, to moderate prosperity, China's consumption structure has shifted focus from consumption for survival and a decent life to consumption for an affluent life and enjoyment. What measures have been taken by the MOFCOM to upgrade consumption, and what measures will be adopted in the future? Thank you.
王文涛:
这个问题我来回答一下。消费是经济增长的重要引擎，同时也反映了人们对美好生活的需求。党的十八大以来，商务部坚定实施扩大内需战略，有一些数据借这个机会和大家报告一下。从规模上，2012-2020年，我国社会消费品零售总额从20.6万亿元增长到39.2万亿元，大概年均增长8.4%。我国已经成为仅次于美国的全球第二大消费市场。从结构看，人民群众的消费水平和生活品质有了很大提升，我相信在座各位也有体会，选几个数据，比如每百户居民拥有彩电121台、冰箱102台、手机254部。我们的服务消费快速增长，去年服务消费受影响最大，但占比也达到50.1%。随着人们生活水平不断提升，消费升级步伐不断地加快，我们看到服务消费、新型消费比如数字、文化、旅游、健康等各种消费热点层出不穷，而且消费的一些新业态、新模式，现在很时髦地经常用“场景”这个词，很多不同的场景在创新，层出不穷。商务部下一步要顺应消费形势，从以下几个方面做工作：
Wang Wentao:
I will answer your questions. Consumption is an important engine driving growth and reflects people's need for a better life. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the MOFCOM has resolutely implemented the strategy of expanding domestic demand. Here I will present you some data. In terms of scale, China's total retail sales of consumer goods grew from 20.6 trillion yuan in 2012 to 39.2 trillion yuan in 2020, up by 8.4% per annum on average. China has become the world's second-largest consumer market, second only to the United States. In terms of structure, people's level of consumption and quality of life have been greatly improved, which I think has been witnessed by everyone here. Here are some figures. Every 100 households have 121 color TV sets, 102 refrigerators, and 254 mobile phones. Our service consumption has grown rapidly. Though hit hard by the epidemic, it still accounted for 50.1% of total consumption spending last year. Along with the improvements in the quality of life, consumption upgrading has been continuously accelerated. We have seen that new areas of consumer spending continue to emerge in service consumption and new consumption patterns, such as digital consumption, cultural consumption, tourism consumption, and health consumption. Nowadays, some new business formats and models are often referred to as consumption scenarios. Different consumption scenarios keep evolving and innovating. Next, the MOFCOM will adapt to consumption trends and make efforts in the following aspects:
一是提升传统消费能级。传统消费这一块还有很大潜力，我们经常讲的家电家具还有汽车、餐饮也算消费的“四大金刚”，占社零总额的1/4左右。比如，推动汽车由购买管理向使用管理转变，特别是扩大二手车流通，这段时间我在专门研究二手车，促进汽车的梯次消费、循环消费。汽车保有量到一定程度以后，二手车的市场就开始放量，这也是国际上汽车消费的一个规律，二手车市场也是今后一个很大的市场。我们还鼓励有条件的地区家电家具循环利用、以旧换新，支持餐饮业创新经营模式，提升服务质量，使餐饮消费进一步扩大。还有老字号的传承创新、品牌消费，特别是现在我们注意到新业态新模式，其中包括年轻人很关注的“国潮消费”。
First, we will upgrade traditional consumption, which has a huge potential. Home appliances, furniture, automobiles, and catering are the top four popular consumption products, accounting for about 25% of the total retail sales of consumer goods. Take automobile consumption for example, we will promote the shift from purchase management to usage management for automobiles, especially expanding the distribution of second-hand cars. These days I have paid special attention to second-hand cars. One of the rules of international automobile consumption is that when vehicle holding reaches a certain number, the market of second-hand automobiles will see a significant rise in trade volume. Therefore, the second-hand market will grow bigger in the future, promoting both sequential consumption and circular consumption. We encourage the recycle of home appliances and furniture in the regions with suitable conditions, as well as exchanging old for new. We also support innovation of the catering industry's operational model and improvement in service quality to further expand catering consumption. More attention should also be paid to the preservation and innovation of time-honored brands, brand consumption, and especially new business formats and models, including the "China-Chic" economy, which has attracted many young people.
二是加快培育新型消费。这次疫情催生了一些网上消费为主的新型消费模式，有很多的创新，所以我们要加快培育新型消费，包括智慧商店、无接触配送、到家服务等新业态新模式。同时鼓励传统的流通企业能够打造一些新的沉浸式、体验式、互动式的消费场景。我有的时候在北京逛街也经常发现一些能够让人兴奋，特别耳目一新的一些新型消费，在一些特色街区有一些网红打卡点，有很多创新。相信媒体朋友可能比我去的更多。这些都是新的增长点，而且充满活力。
Second, we will accelerate the fostering of new consumption patterns. The pandemic has buoyed some new consumption patterns dominated by online consumption, with many innovative changes. So, we must accelerate the fostering of new consumption patterns, including smart shops, contactless delivery, house call services, and other new business formats and models. Meanwhile, we encourage traditional circulation enterprises to create new consumption scenarios which are immersive, experiential, and interactive. When going shopping in Beijing, I often find some new, exciting, and refreshing consumption patterns. There are many creative internet-famous sites in districts with distinctive features. All these are new and dynamic growth areas.
三是搭建消费升级平台。通过消费平台的创新发展，通过“点线面”的结合，把扩大消费同改善人民生活品质结合起来，前面讲到的培育国际消费中心城市，现在有五个：上海、北京、广州、天津、重庆。同时，还要高质量推进步行街改造提升，发展特色商圈和特色街区。今年5月，我们会同有关部门开展全国消费促进月的活动，效果很好。下一步，我们会在做好疫情防控的基础上，结合消费的特点，开展一系列消费促进活，采取相关促消费政策措施，推动“以节兴市、以节兴商、以节聚势”，更好地满足多层次、多样化的消费需求，顺应潮流来推动消费结构提升、能级提升。谢谢。
Third, we will upgrade consumption platforms. Through the innovation and development of consumption platforms, we will connect points, lines, and planes and finally combine the expansion of consumption with the improvement in people's living standards. I just said that we are fostering five international consumption centers, namely Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Tianjin, and Chongqing. Meanwhile, we will promote high-quality upgrading of pedestrian streets and develop business districts and districts with distinctive features. This May, we worked with relevant departments to launch a nationwide campaign of Consumption Promotion Month, which was a great success. Next, while making an all-out effort to contain the epidemic, we will launch more campaigns and adopt a series of policies and measures to further boost consumption based on its characteristics. We will also promote shopping festivals to attract consumers and boost the market and the business, meet diversified demand at various levels, and adapt to the trends to promote the upgrading of both consumption structure and capacity. Thank you.
经济日报记者:
党的十八大以来我国开放型经济体制不断完善，为对外开放事业、全面建成小康社会提供了强有力的支撑和保障。党的十九届五中全会对建设更高水平开放型经济新体制作出了部署。请问，商务部具体怎么落实？如何加快推动制度型开放？谢谢。
Economic Daily:
Since the 18th CPC National Congress, China's open economic system has been continuously improved, providing strong support and guarantees for China's opening up to the outside world and the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee made arrangements for developing new systems for an open economy with even higher standards. How will the Ministry of Commerce implement these arrangements and promote institutional opening up? Thank you.
王文涛:
开放是中国特色社会主义制度的重要特征，这个问题比较综合，我来回答一下。
Wang Wentao:
Opening up is an important feature of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. It's a broad question, so let me answer it.
在全面建成小康社会进程中，特别是党的十八大以来，我们开放的大门越来越大，开放的层次越来越深。一些高水平的开放制度已经基本形成，比如在法律方面，涉外经贸法律体系逐步完善，在管理方面，管理体制、政策体系、安全保障体系也更加完备，逐步形成了相对统一、开放、竞争、有序的市场体系。开放也是改革，通过开放倒逼改革、促进改革，推动由商品要素流动型开放向制度型开放转变，需要我们下一步以深化改革的决心、勇气和担当来推动改革。我们会从三个方面来进一步推动开放型经济新体制的不断完善。
In the process of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, especially since the 18th CPC National Congress, we have opened to the outside world in a wider and deeper manner. Some high-level open systems have basically taken shape. For example, in terms of law, the foreign-related economic and trade legal system has been gradually improved. In terms of management, the management system, policy system, and security guarantee system have also become more complete. A market system that is relatively unified, open, competitive, and orderly has gradually taking shape. Opening up is a kind of reform in itself. In the next step, we need to promote reform with determination, courage and responsibility and deepen reform by opening up and accelerate the transition from opening up based on flows of goods and factors of production to opening up based on rules and related institutions. We will further push forward the continuous improvement of the new systems for an open economy with higher standards in the following three aspects.
一是加大自贸区（港）先行先试力度。自贸试验区设立以来发挥了很好的改革开放试验田作用，在国家层面我们已经推出了278项制度创新成果，同时海南自由贸易港建设也在稳步推进。下一步，我们已经形成共识，找到目标，将对照更高水平的国际经贸规则来推动我们的开放，可能会在一些条件成熟的地区，拿一些高水平的经贸规则做压力测试。测试就是一种尝试，也是通过测试来倒逼我们的开放。有一些经贸规则，条件成熟的可以直接落地，比如我们对照一些高标准国际经贸规则，经过详尽分析，有些是可以直接落地的，还有一些必须生效落地的，比如RCEP的规定，通过对照高水平的经贸规则来推动进一步的开放。我们还将推动进一步压缩自贸试验区外商投资准入的负面清单，这方面，我们一直在探索和努力。
First, we will scale up efforts to improve free trade zones and ports. Since their establishment, pilot free trade zones have served as good models of reform and opening up. At the national level, we have rolled out 278 institutional innovations. Meanwhile, the Hainan Free Trade Port is also under steady construction. We have reached a consensus and pinpointed our targets. In the next step, we will promote our opening up in accordance with a higher standard of international economic and trade rules. We may apply high-level economic and trade rules in some areas with favorable conditions and conduct stress tests. Testing helps boost our opening up efforts. After detailed analysis, some economic and trade rules can be directly implemented when the conditions become favorable. Some must be ratified and then implemented, such as the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). We take high-standard economic and trade rules as references to promote further opening up. We will also further cut the negative list on foreign investment in the pilot free trade zones. We have been exploring and working hard in these aspects.
二是优化区域开放布局。我们深入推进区域重大战略、区域协调发展战略，强化区域间开放联动。包括陆海内外联动、东西双向互济。特别是中西部地区，随着我国进一步深化开放，在开放空间和层次、领域方面潜力很大。我国幅员辽阔，中西部地区有很大的发展空间。今年我们按照习近平总书记对进博会提出的要让展品变商品、展商变投资商要求，推出了“进博会走进地方”系列活动，让进博会的参展商能够更了解中国中西部的市场和投资环境，我们第一站已经完成了“进博会走进四川”，下一步我们会以系列活动来推动东中西包括和东北地区的联动。考虑到一些产业转移和市场扩大，我们还将加快边境贸易创新发展，加快边境经济合作区、跨境经济合作区建设，加快边境地区对外开放。
Second, we will improve the balance in opening up our different regions. We will further promote major regional strategies and regional coordinated development strategies and strengthened inter-regional connections, including coordinating coastal and inland areas and connecting the eastern and western regions. In particular, there is great potential for opening up in the central and western regions as China further deepens opening up. China has a vast territory, and there is a lot of room for development in the central and western regions. This year, in accordance with General Secretary Xi Jinping's requirements for enabling exhibits to become traded goods and exhibitors to spot more investment opportunities at the China International Import Expo (CIIE), we launched a series of investment promotion events for the CIIE, so that CIIE exhibitors can learn more about the market and investment environment of China's central and western regions. The first promotional event was held in Sichuan province and next, we will launch a series of activities to promote the linkage between the east, west, central areas and northeast China. Considering the transfer of some industries and the expansion of the market, we will also accelerate the innovation and development of border trade, speed up the construction of border economic cooperation zones and cross-border economic cooperation zones, and step up the opening of border areas to the outside world.
三是健全开放安全保障体系。发展是安全的基础，任何时候安全都是底线，一定要牢牢记住安全，在安全基础上加快发展，越是开放越要重视安全。我们将提升监管水平，维护产业链供应链安全，妥善应对经贸摩擦，防范化解重大风险。
Third, we will improve the security guarantee system for the open economy. Development is the foundation of security, and security is the bottom line at all times. We must keep security in mind and accelerate development on the basis of security. The more open we are the more attention we must pay to security. We will improve the level of supervision, ensure the security of the industrial chain and the supply chain, properly resolve economic and trade frictions, and forestall and defuse major risks.
澎湃新闻记者:
近年来，国际上的自贸协定越来越多，请问中国的自贸协定发展情况如何？起到了什么作用？下一步有什么考虑？
ThePaper.cn:
In recent years, there have been a growing number of free trade agreements in the world. How is the development of China's free trade agreements coming along? What role do they play? What are the future plans?
王文涛:
这个问题请王受文先生回答。
Wang Wentao:
Mr. Wang Shouwen will answer this question.
商务部副部长兼国际贸易谈判副代表 王受文:
谢谢你的提问。的确，当前国际上自贸协定发展非常蓬勃，根据世贸组织的统计，目前为止国际上达成的自由贸易协定已经有350多个，特别值得注意的是有一些大型的自贸协定签署并生效，比如说全面与进步跨太平洋关系协定、区域经济伙伴关系协定、欧盟和日本达成的自贸协定、美国、墨西哥、加拿大达成的自贸协定都是大型的自贸协定。在党中央、国务院正确领导下，我们顺应国际上区域经济一体化的大趋势，积极开展与贸易伙伴的自由贸易协定谈判，取得了很大进展。在2002年，中国的第一个自由贸易协定，和东盟达成的自由贸易协定开启了我们自由贸易协定这项事业的新征程。到目前为止，我们已经达成了19个自由贸易协定，和26个国家和地区签署了这些协定。
Wang Shouwen:
Thank you for your question. Indeed, currently, international free trade agreements are flourishing. According to WTO statistics, more than 350 free trade agreements have been reached so far. It is particularly noteworthy that some large free trade agreements have been signed and entered into force. For example, the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, the RCEP, the EU-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement, and the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement are all large-scale free trade agreements. Under the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, we have followed the general trend of international regional economic integration, actively carried out free trade agreement negotiations with trading partners and made great progress. In 2002, China's first free trade agreement, the free trade agreement reached with ASEAN, enabled us to embark on a new journey of free trade agreements. So far, we have successfully negotiated19 free trade agreements and signed agreements with 26 countries and regions.
值得一提的是，十八大以来，我们签署了9个自由贸易协定，包括8个与单个国家签署的自由贸易协定。比如，中韩、中澳、中瑞，还有一个就是大家都知道的，形成了RCEP区域经济伙伴关系协定，一共9个自由贸易协定。十八大以来，在签署这9个自由贸易协定的同时，还对以前达成的自由贸易协定进行升级，包括和东盟的自贸协定升级，中国和智利、和新加坡、新西兰的自由贸易协定都进行了升级谈判，这些都是非常重要的工作。
It is worth mentioning that since the 18th CPC National Congress, we have signed nine free trade agreements (FTAs), including eight with individual countries, such as the Republic of Korea (ROK), Australia and Switzerland, and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement. Meanwhile, we've upgraded existing free trade agreements, including the China-ASEAN FTA, and proceeded with negotiations on upgrading the China-Chile FTA, the China-Singapore FTA, and the China-New Zealand FTA. These are all very important works.
你问到自贸协定对我国起到了什么重要作用？应该说作用非常明显。首先，对于扩大我们同自由贸易伙伴的贸易与投资关系，对于稳定我国的外贸外资基本盘作用非常显著。比如，2012年自由贸易协定占我国对外贸易的比重只有12.3%，到去年，自由贸易协定伙伴占我国对外贸易总额的比重接近35%。去年，疫情对全球的对外贸易影响很大，但我国同自贸伙伴的贸易增长3.2%，和非自由贸易协定伙伴贸易额只增长0.8%，所以自贸协定对对外贸易方面的作用是非常显著的。就投资关系来说，去年我们对外投资的近70%是对自由贸易伙伴国家投资的，吸引外资的84%来自自由贸易协定的伙伴。所以，可以看出自贸协定对于贸易投资关系起了非常重要的作用。
You asked what important role FTAs have played for our country. I should say that the role is very clear. First, the FTAs play a significant role in expanding trade and investment relations with our free trade agreement partners and stabilizing the overall performance of foreign trade and foreign investment. For example, trade volume with its FTA partners accounted for only 12.3% of China's total foreign trade in 2012, but last year, the proportion rose to nearly 35% of the total. Last year, the epidemic had a great impact on global trade, however, China's trade with its FTA partners grew by 3.2%, while trade with non-FTA partners only increased by 0.8%. Therefore, FTAs play a very significant role in foreign trade. In terms of investment relations, last year, nearly 70% of China's outbound investment was to its FTA partner countries and 84% of foreign investment in China was from FTA partners. Therefore, FTAs play a very significant role in investment relations.
第二个作用是进一步拉紧了和自贸伙伴之间的经贸关系。举个例子，我们和东盟2003年的双边贸易额只有780多亿美元，去年双边贸易额达到6851亿美元，增长了8.7倍。如果没有自贸协定，贸易额不可能增长这么多。中国连续12年成为东盟最大的贸易伙伴，去年，东盟成为中国最大的贸易伙伴。再举个例子，智利。2012年智利同中国的贸易占智利对外贸易总额的20%，也就是1/5。去年，我们和智利的贸易占智利贸易的1/3。先是自贸协定起了作用，后来我们又谈了中国智利贸易协定的升级版。还有一个例子是巴基斯坦，我们以前谈了一个自贸协定，自由化水平比较低，前年我们把这个自贸协定升级，升级以后自由化水平提高，巴基斯坦对中国的出口增长迅速，中国和巴基斯坦贸易不平衡情况也得到改善。
Second, FTAs have further deepened economic and trade relations with FTA partners. For example, bilateral trade between China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was only more than $78 billion in 2003, however, the figure reached $685.1 billion last year, an increase of 8.7 times. If there are no FTAs, trade cannot grow so much. China has remained ASEAN's largest trading partner for 12 consecutive years. In 2020, ASEAN also became China's largest trading partner. Take another example - Chile. Chile's trade with China accounted for 20%, or one-fifth, of its total foreign trade in 2012, compared to one-third last year. This goes to show just how effectively the FTA and the FTA upgrade have worked to promote trade between the two countries. Pakistan is another example. We inked the China-Pakistan FTA in the past, with a low level of trade liberalization. We upgraded the FTA the year before last. After the upgrade, the level of liberalization has increased. Pakistan's exports to China have grown rapidly, and the trade imbalance between China and Pakistan has also been narrowed.
第三个作用是自贸协定对于我国对外开放起了非常好的作用。在货物贸易方面，我国最惠国平均关税是7.5%。自贸协定使我国与自贸伙伴之间90%以上的贸易实现零关税，所以在货物贸易上关税自由化水平很高。在服务贸易方面，我们加入世贸组织时，世贸组织160个部门我们只开放了100个部门，但是我们加入到自贸协定后，在服务贸易方面大大提高。以RCEP为例，世贸开放100个部门，RCEP又增加22个开放部门，在世贸已经开放的这100个部门里面，RCEP对其中的37个部门扩大了开放水平，所以服务贸易也扩大了开放。在投资领域，世贸组织里投资开放是没有协定的，在自贸协定里我们在投资开放、投资准入、投资便利化、投资保护方面都作了很多规定，这样有利于我们和自贸伙伴之间的双向投资发展，有利于我们和自贸伙伴之间的区域一体化发展，形成更加稳定的产业链和供应链。
Third, FTAs have greatly promoted China's opening-up. In terms of trade in goods, China has an average most-favored-nation tariff rate of 7.5%. Under FTAs, China and its trading partners implement zero tariffs on 90 percent of products, so the level of tariff liberalization in goods trade is very high. In terms of trade in services, of the 160 services sub-sectors under the 12-sector WTO classification, China committed to opening up 100 sub-sectors under 9 sectors when entering the organization. By promoting free trade agreements, we have greatly enhanced the openness of trade in services. Take the RCEP agreement as an example. China added 22 new services sectors to the 100 sectors it committed to open upon its accession to the WTO, and raised the level of openness of 37 sectors. In terms of investment, there are no agreements regarding investment openness in the WTO. The FTAs have created many rules regarding investment openness, investment market access, investment facilitation, and investment protection, which will help develop mutual investment between China and its FTA partners, and advance regional integrated development to form more stable industrial and supply chains.
商务部会进一步扩大对外开放，签署更多的自由贸易协定，升级现在的自由贸易协定是对外开放的重要内容。我们会按照党中央的部署，国务院的要求，加紧形成一个立足周边、辐射“一带一路”、面向全球的高标准自由贸易区网络，实施自贸区提升战略。下一阶段，我们要把现有的自由贸易协定，包括新加坡自由贸易协定、韩国自由贸易协定进一步升级。同时，要加快新的自由贸易协定谈判步伐，包括中日韩自贸协定的谈判、中国和海合会以及和以色列、挪威的自贸协定谈判，我们正在积极考虑加入CPTPP方面的工作。我们将通过这些把党中央的决策部署落实好、贯彻好。谢谢。
We will further expand opening-up by signing more free trade agreements and upgrading our existing free trade agreements. In accordance with the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, we will step up our efforts to build a network of high-standard free trade zones, which focuses on neighboring economies, radiates across the Belt and Road Initiative-related economies, and has a global reach. Next, we will upgrade our existing free trade agreements, including the China-Singapore FTA and the China-ROK FTA. At the same time, we will accelerate negotiations on new agreements, including the China-Japan-ROK FTA, China-Gulf Cooperation Council FTA, China-Israel FTA and China-Norway FTA. We are actively considering joining the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP). We will thoroughly implement the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee. Thank you.
中国日报记者:
根据世贸组织网站消息，世贸组织将于11月份举办第十二届部长级会议。目前世贸组织面临着困境，各方对于世贸组织脱离当前困境保持高度关注。请问，党的十八大以来，中方在维护多边贸易体制方面发挥了哪些作用？对于第十二届部长级会议取得成果有什么期待？谢谢。
China Daily:
According to the website of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the organization's 12th Ministerial Conference will be held in November. The WTO is now facing challenges, and all parties have paid close attention to how the WTO will get through the difficulties. My question is that after the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, what role has China played in safeguarding the multilateral trading system? Additionally, what achievements can we expect from the 12th WTO Ministerial Conference? Thanks.
王文涛:
这个问题非常及时，也很专业，各方也特别关注。请王受文先生回答。
Wang Wentao:
Your question is a timely and professional one. All parties have attached great importance to it. This question goes to Mr. Wang Shouwen.
王受文:
谢谢你的提问，你说得非常对。现在世界贸易组织面临着严峻挑战，可以说是处于困境之中。比如说，争端解决机制的上诉机构陷于瘫痪，瘫痪以后，在国际贸易上的正义就很难主张。在贸易谈判功能方面，达成多边协议也很困难。特别是个别国家将贸易问题政治化，采取一些单边主义和贸易保护主义做法，极大损害了多边贸易体制的有效性、权威性。中国作为一个负责任的世贸组织成员，自加入以来一直积极参与世贸组织的各项工作、各个议题的谈判，坚定支持多边贸易体制，积极地参与世贸组织相关改革。可以说，中国是多边贸易体制的积极参与者、坚定维护者和重要贡献者。
Wang Shouwen:
Thanks for your question. Just as you mentioned, the WTO is currently facing severe challenges, and is in a difficult situation. For example, the WTO Appellate Body has been paralyzed, making it quite hard to defend justice in international trade. In terms of facilitating trade negotiation, it's not easy to reach multilateral trade agreements now. In particular, some countries have politicized trade issues and taken unilateral and protectionist trade measures, greatly undermining the efficacy and authority of the multilateral trading system. As a responsible member of the WTO, China has always been an active participant in all the work and trade negotiations of the WTO since it joined the organization. China was and remains committed to supporting the multilateral trading system and has actively participated in relevant reforms to the WTO. China is an active participant, strong supporter and major contributor in the multilateral trading system.
你问到党的十八大以来中国在世贸组织所做的一些工作。举个例子，2013年中国积极参与了在印尼巴厘岛召开的WTO贸易部长会议，促成了贸易便利化协议的达成，这个协议的全面实施使全球贸易成本降低14%左右。2015年，中国积极参加了在内罗毕召开的WTO贸易部长会议，在这个会议上我们积极推动达成关于取消农产品出口补贴的协定，这对农业贸易自由化起到了非常重要的作用。同时在内罗毕会议上，中国作为重要参与方推动了信息技术产品扩围协议的达成。信息技术产品的扩围涉及全球贸易额超过一万亿美元，应该说做了很重要的贡献。除此之外，对于WTO一些新的议题谈判，包括投资便利化、电子商务、中小微企业，中国也积极参与并且发挥重要作用。
You asked about the work we have done in the WTO since the 18th CPC National Congress. Let me give you an example. In 2013, China actively participated in the WTO Ministerial Conference held in Bali, Indonesia, and worked hard towards the conclusion of the Trade Facilitation Agreement. The full implementation of the agreement has successfully cut the cost of international trade by around 14%. In 2015, China took an active part in the WTO Ministerial Conference in Nairobi, during which we agreed to eliminate export subsidies for agricultural products, which was a boon for agricultural trade liberalization. Also, during this conference, as an important participant, China actively pushed for the conclusion of an agreement on expanding the products covered by the Information Technology Agreement, involving a global trade volume of over one trillion U.S. dollars. This was a significant contribution. In addition, China has played an active and important role in advancing negotiations on topics including investment facilitation, e-commerce, and micro, small and medium-sized enterprises.
习近平总书记在多个国际场合上也提到，中国坚定维护世界贸易组织的规则，支持对世界贸易组织进行必要的改革，共同捍卫多边贸易体制。在这方面中国也为世贸组织改革作出了自己的努力。2018年6月，我们发布了《中国与世界贸易组织》白皮书，阐述了中国支持多边贸易体制的具体行动。2018年11月份，发布了关于世贸组织改革立场文件，提出了三项原则和五点主张。2019年5月份，我们向世贸组织提交了关于世贸组织改革的建议文件，特别是就四个领域12个议题提出了中方的具体建议。这也是首份由发展中国家向WTO提交的改革建议。2019年11月份，中国在上海举办了WTO小型部长级会议，推动大家就维护多边贸易体制达成重要共识。去年4月，中国和欧盟等一些成员在上诉机构瘫痪的情况下，一道推动建立了临时上诉仲裁安排。中国在其他的国际多边治理机制里，包括G20、APEC、金砖国家等，都呼吁要支持多边贸易体制，在这些场合我们阐述了中国建设开放型世界经济、构建人类命运共同体的具体立场。
General Secretary Xi Jinping has reaffirmed on many international occasions China's commitment to firmly upholding WTO rules, supporting necessary reforms to the WTO and jointly safeguarding the multilateral trading system with other members. China has made great efforts towards reform of the WTO. In June of 2018, a white paper titled "China and the World Trade Organization" was released, explaining China's concrete measures to support the multilateral trading system. In November of 2018, China released its position paper on WTO reform, outlining three principles and five suggestions for reform. In May of 2019, China submitted its WTO reform proposals for concrete actions concerning 12 topics in four areas. This is also the first reform proposal submitted by a developing country to the WTO. In November of 2019, China hosted the Informal WTO Ministerial Meeting in Shanghai and encouraged all parties to reach an important consensus on safeguarding the multilateral trading system. China, the European Union and other WTO members agreed last April on an interim appeal arbitration arrangement while the organization's Appellate Body remains incapable. In other multilateral mechanisms of global governance, including the G20, APEC and the BRICS, China has also advocated to support the multilateral trading system. On all such occasions, China has stated its position on building an open world economy and a community with a shared future for mankind.
你刚刚提到WTO第十二届部长级会议，这是时隔四年再次召开的世贸组织部长级会议，上一次是2017年在阿根廷召开的。大家对WTO第十二届部长级会议都有很多期待，在中国看来，会议成果能达成多少，对于WTO的形象和增强国际社会对WTO的信心，意义非常重大。我们希望能够在渔业补贴谈判、抗击疫情等领域取得成果，在上诉机构改革方面作出一些安排，在服务国内规制、投资便利化、电子商务等方面都能够取得一些积极进展，增强国际社会对WTO有效性和权威性的信心。在这方面，我们将支持伊维拉总干事来组织协调WTO进行有效谈判，取得有实际意义的成果，真正体现WTO的价值和作用。
The 12th WTO Ministerial Conference you mentioned will be the first in four years. The last Ministerial Conference took place in Argentina in 2017. There are many expectations for the upcoming conference. In our opinion, the extent to how many achievements will be made during the conference is of great significance to enhancing the WTO's image and the international community's confidence in the WTO. We expect that achievements will be made in negotiations on fishing subsidies and the fight against COVID-19. We hope there will be some arrangements regarding the reform of the Appellate Body. We are also looking forward to positive progress in service domestic regulation, investment facilitation and e-commerce. Such outcomes will all help enhance the international community's confidence in the efficacy and authority of the WTO. To achieve these, we will support Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, the Director-General of the WTO, in organizing and coordinating effective negotiations among WTO members, to achieve practical progress and fully demonstrate the organization's value and role.
今年是中国加入世贸组织20周年，是中国“十四五”的开局之年，中国将进一步扩大开放。我们也会按照中央部署，努力为WTO谈判、WTO改革提出中国建议、中国方案。在加快构建新发展格局、推动高水平对外开放的同时，和全球其他贸易伙伴一道，推动经济全球化向着开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的方向发展。
谢谢。
This year marks the 20th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO and also the start of the 14th Five-Year Plan. China will open its door even wider to the world. We will work, in line with the arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee, to propose China's suggestions and approaches for WTO negotiations and reform. In addition to accelerating the building of the new development paradigm and the promotion of high-level opening-up, we will join hands with our trade partners across the globe to make economic globalization open, inclusive, balanced and beneficial to all. Thanks.
国际商报记者:
生活便利是人民美好生活的新需求，人们的感受最直观，也是全面小康的一个重要标志。商务部在完善流通网络，便利居民消费等方面做了哪些工作？未来将从哪些方面进一步发力？谢谢。
International Business Daily:
Convenience is a new demand for people seeking a better life, which is also an important sign of moderate prosperity in all respects. What work has the Ministry of Commerce done to improve the circulation network and facilitate household consumption? In which areas will further efforts be made in the future? Thank you.
王文涛:
谢谢你的提问，这个问题我来回答。流通一头连着生产，一头连着消费，在国民经济当中具有基础性和先导性作用。我国流通行业的发展非常迅速，特别是在国际化、标准化、智慧化、集约化、信息化方面迈出了很大步伐，走的也比较快，有些方面在国际上是领先的。我们的流通效率在提升、成本在逐步下降，2020年全社会物流总费用，也就是物流总费用与GDP的比值，我国已经下降到14.7%，相比于2012年下降了3.3个百分点。连锁经营、电子商务、物流配送、智慧商店、无接触配送、无人零售等新业态新模式不断呈现，有些是因为疫情等情况倒逼了模式创新，这些创新中很多我们是领先于全球的。流通效率与生产效率同样重要，是提升国民经济总体运行效率的重要方面。
Wang Wentao:
Thank you for your questions. I will answer them. Circulation is connected to production at one end and consumption at the other, and it has a fundamental and leading role in the national economy. The development of China's circulation industry has been very rapid, making big steps, especially in terms of internationalization, standardization, intelligence, intensification, and informatization. It is moving relatively fast, and in some aspects, it is leading the world. Our circulation efficiency is improving while costs are gradually decreasing. In 2020, for the total logistics cost for the entire society – that means, total logistics costs as a percentage of GDP of China – dropped to 14.7%, which is a decrease of 3.3% compared with 2012. Chain operation, e-commerce, logistics and distribution, smart stores, contactless distribution, unmanned retail, and other new business formats and models continue to emerge, some of which represent forced model innovations due to the COVID-19 pandemic and other situations. Many of these innovations are ahead of the rest of the world. Circulation efficiency is as important as production efficiency, and it is an important aspect of improving the overall operating efficiency of the national economy.
前面讲的这些发展确实不错，但是我们也应该看到一些发展中存在的问题和短板。尽管全社会物流总费用下降到了14.7%，但相对发达国家我们还是偏高，所以大家有时候感受到物流成本比较高，企业反映也比较大。下一步，我们将以问题为导向，以补短板、强弱项为导向，在下面几个方面发力。
The developments mentioned above are indeed good, but we will also see some problems and shortcomings during development. Although the share of total national logistics costs in China's GDP has dropped to 14.7%, it is still relatively high compared to those of developed countries. So we may encounter logistics costs that are relatively high, and that enterprises' complaints are also relatively strong. Next, we will be problem-oriented to make up for these shortcomings, strengthen the weaknesses, and make efforts in the following aspects.
一是农村方面，推出县域商业体系建设行动。农村商业还是有很大的潜力，但在流通方面受短板制约。比如物流的覆盖、快递的覆盖，到乡镇是99.7%，但到村一级只覆盖50%多一点，这个短板制约了农村消费的进一步发展。我们提出，要以“县域统筹，以县城为中心、乡镇为重点、村为基础”，推动农村商业体系建设，以市场化手段鼓励和推动“三个下沉”：一是企业供应链的下沉，主要是鼓励大型的流通企业的营销网络向农村延伸，为一些服务农村千家万户的小商户提供配送和标准化的采购；二是物流配送的下沉，包括电商配送、邮政、供销、快递的资源整合，鼓励他们进一步下沉；三是商品和服务下沉，农村商品消费要适合农村的特点，服务消费在农村是短板中的短板，包括售后服务，要继续加强。主要是通过鼓励“三个下沉”，来实现农村商业体系的建设，企业的供应链下沉、物流下沉、商品和服务下沉。
First, in rural areas, we will launch county-level commercial system construction campaigns. Rural commerce still has great potential, but it is constrained due to shortcomings in circulation. For example, logistics coverage and express deliveries cover 99.7% of areas at the township level but only a little over 50% at the village level. This shortcoming restricts the further development of rural consumption. We propose to promote the construction of a rural commercial system based on the principles of "county-level overall planning, with counties as the center, towns as the focus, and villages as the foundation." Additionally, we'll encourage and promote the "three sinks" by market-based means: the sinking of the supply chain of enterprises to small-town and rural markets, which mainly encourages the marketing network of large-scale circulation enterprises to extend to the countryside and provide distribution and standardized procurement for some small merchants serving millions of households in rural areas; the sinking of logistics and distribution to small-town and rural markets, including the integration of resources in e-commerce distribution, postal services, supply and marketing, and the express delivery, as we encourage them to sink further; and the sinking of commodities and services to small-town and rural markets so that rural commodity consumption can adapt to the characteristics of rural areas. Service consumption is a shortcoming worth singling out among all the shortcomings in rural areas, and we must continue to strengthen it, including by providing better after-sales service. By encouraging the "three sinks," we realize the building of the rural commercial system, which are the sinking of the supply chain of enterprises, the sinking of logistics, and the sinking of goods and services.
二是城市方面，下一步除了建设国际消费城市、商圈、步行街和特色街区，我们还特别要延伸到“最后一公里”，就是社区，打造15分钟便民生活圈。加快建设菜市场、便利店、社区综合服务中心。加快推动便利店品牌化连锁化发展，支持企业开展数字化改造，创新经营模式，促进便利消费，推进标准化菜市场建设等。
Second, in terms of urban areas, in addition to building international consumer cities, business districts, pedestrian streets, and characteristic urban neighborhoods, we will also extend the "last mile to your home" development, i.e. the community, to create convenient living circles that people can reach within 15 minutes from their residence. We will accelerate the construction of wet markets, convenience stores, and comprehensive community service centers. We will accelerate the development of branding and chaining convenience stores, support enterprises in their digital transformation, innovate business models, promote convenient consumption, and push forward the construction of standardized wet markets.
三是完善商贸流通设施。主要聚焦于短板来发力。现在短板中的短板是冷链物流。我国肉类冷链流通率只有30%，果蔬不到20%，而发达国家在90%以上。所以我们下一步要推进农产品的冷链物流，加快冷链物流建设，补齐这块短板。
Third, we will improve commercial circulation facilities. We will mainly focus on shortcomings to exert our strength. Currently, the shortcoming worth singling is cold chain logistics. The cold chain circulation rate of meat in China is only 30%, and that of fruits and vegetables is less than 20%, while that of developed countries is more than 90%. Therefore, our next step is to promote cold chain logistics for agricultural products, speed up the construction of cold chain logistics, and make up for these shortcomings.
四是加强应急保供。这次也给我们一个很大启示。新冠肺炎疫情发生后，商务部按照国家要求，联合相关部委、地方形成了九省联保联供机制，确保了湖北和武汉的生活必需品供应。近期疫情多点散发，加上一些地方的洪涝灾害，媒体报道了一些地方由于恐慌出现的抢购，短时间内的物资供应出现了一些困难，还有因为疫情防控的措施造成了短时间内的物流不畅通或者受阻，造成了个别的供应短缺。我们马上启动了联保联供机制，以地方为主体，各地加强物资保障供应，在短时间内马上恢复到正常，保障了老百姓日常生活。下一步，还要做好预警预测，要基于大数据，如果某些地方短期内出现物品短缺，供应受到影响，出现异常的数据，就要作出提示和警示，然后我们要立即启动联保联供措施。我们也特别希望媒体继续加强这方面的监督，及时反映出现的有关情况。我们一方面通过媒体，一方面通过我们的系统，包括政府职能部门的系统和我们建立的监测系统，及时、快速、准确地反映，确保不管发生任何情况，人民日常生活必需品的基本保障能够得到满足。谢谢。
Fourth, we will strengthen emergency guarantees. After the COVID-19 outbreak, the Ministry of Commerce, in accordance with the requirements of the central government, worked with relevant government departments, commissions, and localities to form a nine-province joint supply and guarantee mechanism to ensure the supply of daily necessities in Hubei province and Wuhan city. Recently, as we witnessed new outbreaks of the pandemic in various places, coupled with floods in some places, media outlets reported that there were some instances of panic buying and that the supply of materials encountered some difficulties. In addition, due to the pandemic prevention and control measures, logistics has not been so smooth or even blocked in some places for a short period of time, resulting in some particular supply shortages. In response, we immediately launched a joint guarantee and supply mechanism, with localities as the main body, strengthening the supply of materials in various regions. Then, things tended to return to normal quickly, ensuring that people could go on with their daily lives. Next, we will try to improve the provision of early warning predictions based on big data. If there is a shortage of goods in some places due to the supply being affected, and there is abnormal data, we must give reminders and warnings, and then we must immediately activate the joint guarantee and supply measures. We also particularly hope that media outlets will continue to strengthen supervision in this area and report relevant emerging situations in a timely manner. We will pay attention to the media reports on the one hand, and on the other hand, through our system, including the system of government functional departments and the monitoring system we have established, we can reflect on the situation and respond promptly, quickly, and accurately, making sure that no matter what happens, the basic guarantee of the people's daily necessities can be met. Thank you.
红星新闻记者:
习近平总书记在7月30日中央政治局会议上强调，要坚持巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴有效衔接。我们知道，商务部此前形成了不少具有商务特点的帮扶举措，比如电商扶贫。请问，下一步将如何服务于全面推进乡村振兴？谢谢。
Red Star News:
The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting on July 30. During the meeting, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that China should align its efforts to consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty elimination with an emphasis on promoting rural vitalization. To our knowledge, the MOFCOM has introduced numerous commerce-related assistance measures, such as reducing poverty via e-commerce. What will be done next to help extensively promote rural vitalization? Thank you.
王文涛:
这个问题我在开场白的时候点到了，请钱克明副部长回答。
Wang Wentao:
I've covered this in my opening remarks. Mr. Qian Keming will further elaborate on your question.
商务部副部长 钱克明:
刚才文涛部长在介绍中也指出，商务工作贯通城乡、联通内外、对接产销，在脱贫攻坚方面具有独特优势。我们充分发挥这方面优势，重点打好五个方面“组合拳”，同时吸引社会各界积极参与，有力有效帮助贫困地区产业发展、农民就业和增收。
Qian Keming:
As Mr. Wang pointed out in the opening remarks, commerce-related work stretches from urban to rural areas, connects China with the rest of the world, and synergizes production and sales, thus giving it special advantages in poverty alleviation. We have fully leveraged its strengths in this regard by introducing a policy package in five aspects and attracting all sectors of society to actively engage in the work and effectively help develop industries in poverty-stricken areas, boost employment, and increase farmers' incomes.
首先是电商扶贫。目前，电商扶贫已经成为贫困群众脱贫增收最直接、最有效的途径之一。我们深入推进电商进农村综合示范项目，实现了国家级贫困县全覆盖。组织大型电商企业建设电商扶贫公益频道，培育农村电商品牌。根据不完全统计，电商扶贫已累计带动了771万农民就地创业就业，带动了618.8万贫困人口增收。
First, reducing poverty through the e-commerce industry. Currently, the e-commerce industry has become one of the most direct and effective ways to help poor people escape poverty and increase their incomes. The MOFCOM has carried out comprehensive demonstration projects in which e-commerce has been brought to rural areas and covered all national-level poverty-stricken counties across the country. The MOFCOM also organized large e-commerce enterprises to establish public welfare channels on e-commerce poverty alleviation work, and developed rural e-commerce brands. Preliminary statistics show that e-commerce has helped some 7.71 million farmers either start a business or find employment locally. Meanwhile 6.19 million people have seen their incomes increase.
其次是家政扶贫。家政扶贫可以说是小杠杆撬动了大成效。我们深入实施“百城万村”家政扶贫，组织家政服务企业与国家级贫困县进行对接，建设了31个家政劳务输出基地，加大家政从业人员培训力度，累计带动贫困地区新增就业超过85万人，实现了“一人干家政、全家能脱贫”。
Second, reducing poverty through the housekeeping industry. The housekeeping industry is a small but powerful lever for poverty alleviation work. The MOFCOM has carried out poverty alleviation projects in this regard and built connections between housekeeping firms and national-level poverty-stricken counties. A total of 31 export centers for housekeeping workforces have been established, and more effort has been made in the training of housekeeping staff. The scheme helped employed more than 850,000 people in poverty-stricken areas, thus helping their families step out of poverty.
第三是对外劳务扶贫。对外劳务扶贫拓宽了就业渠道。我们组织对外劳务合作企业与贫困地区对接，向贫困地区倾斜，支持贫困地区劳务人员出国务工。这些年，我们累计从贫困地区向境外派出了14.6万人，人均年收入超过10万元，高的有三四十万，实现了“出国一人、致富全家、带动一片”。
Third, reducing poverty through the export of labor. Employment channels have been expanded via the export of labor. The MOFCOM has built connections between labor export enterprises and poverty-stricken areas, funneled more resources into these regions, and supported labor in poor areas to work abroad. Over the years, some 146,000 people have been sent abroad to work. Their average annual income exceeded 100,000 yuan, with some even earning 300,000 to 400,000 yuan a year. Hence, those people working abroad can help their whole family emerge from poverty and thus bring an economic boom to the region.
第四是产业扶贫。产业扶贫扩大了市场空间。我们组织系列产销对接活动，累计实现签约采购金额420亿元，开展消费扶贫，鼓励各地流通企业设立扶贫产品专柜专区，拓宽了农产品销售渠道。第122-128届广交会累计为贫困县企业减免展位费8669万元，带动成交金额超过17亿美元。
Fourth, reducing poverty through the development of industry, industrial development has expanded the market. The MOFCOM has held a series of events to synergize production and sales, with contracted purchases reaching 42 billion yuan over the years. The MOFCOM also works to reduce poverty through consumption and encourages commodity circulation enterprises across the country to set up booths for poverty alleviation products, which has expanded sales channels for agriproducts. From the 122nd to the 128th Canton Fair, companies from poverty-stricken counties were exempted from a total of 86.69 million yuan in booth expenses, and inked deals worth more than $1.7 billion.
第五是边贸扶贫。边贸扶贫以开放促脱贫。我们积极推动完善边贸政策，推动边贸多元化发展，累计带动50万贫困边民脱贫增收。实施对口帮扶“三年行动计划”，推动24家东部国家级经开区与19家边境（跨境）经济合作区结对合作，助力边境地区经济高质量发展。
Fifth, reducing poverty through border trade. In this sense, border trade has facilitated poverty alleviation via openness. The MOFCOM has worked proactively to improve policies concerning border trade and promote its diversified development. This has reduced poverty for some 500,000 people in the border regions and helped increase their incomes. A three-year action plan on paired assistance has been carried out in which 24 national-level economic development zones in eastern China now cooperate with 19 economic cooperation zones in either border or cross-border regions. In this way, high-quality development of the economy in border regions has been better facilitated.
我国脱贫攻坚战已经取得了全面胜利，乡村振兴的新篇章已经全面开启，商务部将乘势而上，接续奋斗，继续统筹推动商务资源下沉。刚才文涛部长说到“三个下沉”，我们将以流通提升、开放合作、就业拓展为切入点，推动巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴有效衔接。在流通提升方面，加强脱贫地区县乡村三级物流体系建设，完善农产品流通骨干网络，加强产销精准对接，实施“数商兴农”工程。在开放合作方面，优化提升广交会帮扶工作，加快推进边民互市贸易进口商品落地加工，推动加工贸易梯度转移，开展“百企入边”行动等，搭建脱贫地区开放合作平台。在就业拓展方面，实施“家政兴农”行动，建设家政劳务区域品牌，继续帮助外派劳务，促进脱贫人员稳定就业。做好这些方面的工作，就是要进一步增强脱贫地区经济活力和发展后劲，进一步畅通城乡经济循环，帮助脱贫地区融入构建新发展格局，为全面推进乡村振兴作出新贡献。谢谢。
As China has secured a complete victory in the battle against extreme poverty and kicked off a new chapter toward rural vitalization, the MOFCOM will continue to make coordinated efforts and make commercial resources more accessible at the community level. Just now, Mr. Wang mentioned that the outreach of commercial resources should be expanded to the community level in three aspects. The MOFCOM will improve the circulation of commodities, expand openness and cooperation, and boost employment so as to align efforts to consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty elimination with efforts to promote rural vitalization. In terms of improving commodity circulation, the MOFCOM will strengthen the establishment of a three-tier logistics system at the village, township, and county levels in poor areas, improve trunk circulation networks for agriproducts, and precisely synergize production and sales. A project which boosts agricultural development through e-commerce will also be carried out. In terms of openness and cooperation, the MOFCOM will improve the assistance programs of the Canton Fair, promote the on-the-spot processing of imported goods in border trade, and facilitate the relocation of the processing trade. The MOFCOM will also launch a campaign to introduce hundreds of enterprises to border regions. An open and cooperative platform will be built for regions that have shaken off poverty. In terms of boosting employment, the MOFCOM will launch a campaign that will help farmers shed poverty through the housekeeping industry. Regional brands for housekeeping labor will be built. The MOFCOM will continue to help export labor and promote stable employment for people who have shaken off poverty. All these tasks require us to further enhance the economic vitality and sustain impetus for further growth in poor areas, and keep the smooth economic circulation between urban and rural areas so that poor regions can be better integrated into the new pattern of development and make new contributions to comprehensive rural vitalization. Thank you.
香港经济导报记者:
关于“一带一路”的问题。2013年，习近平主席提出共建“一带一路”重大倡议。商务部在推动共建“一带一路”方面取得了哪些成效？为构建人类命运共同体作出了哪些贡献？今年以来我国对“一带一路”沿线国家投资情况如何？下一步有哪些投资方向？谢谢。
Hong Kong Economic Herald:
My questions are related to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), put forward by President Xi Jinping in 2013. What achievements have MOFCOM made in promoting the initiative? And what contributions have been made in building a community with a shared future for mankind? What is the situation regarding China's investment in countries along the Belt and Road this year? And what are MOFCOM's investment plans going forward? Thank you.
钱克明:
中国在全面建成小康社会的进程中，积极推动与世界各国的共同发展、共同繁荣。2013年，习近平主席着眼推动构建人类命运共同体，提出了共建“一带一路”重大倡议。八年来，共建“一带一路”从理念到行动，从“大写意”到“工笔画”，取得了丰硕成果，已经成为范围最广、规模最大的国际合作平台和最受欢迎的国际公共产品。下面，我重点介绍一下商务部在推动共建“一带一路”方面取得的五个方面主要成效。
Qian Keming:
China has been actively promoting mutual development and prosperity between China and the rest of the world in its course of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. In 2013, President Xi Jinping proposed the BRI with a focus on building a community with a shared future for mankind. Over the past eight years, fruitful outcomes have been achieved in the process of advancing the grand visionary initiative through practical actions; and a highly extensive platform for international cooperation has been formed as a global public good which has been extremely popular. Next, I will introduce the progress made by MOFCOM in promoting the BRI from five aspects:
一是贸易畅通不断深化，推动了资源要素的高效流动和优化配置。中国积极扩大进口各类产品，发展跨境电商等新业态新模式，推动建设海外仓，推进中欧班列、陆海新通道等贸易大通道建设，高标准建设自由贸易区网络。2013-2020年，中国与沿线国家货物贸易额累计达9.2万亿美元。
First, unimpeded trade was deepened. We promoted the high-efficient flow and rational distribution of resources. China has positively expanded imports, developed new forms and models of business such as cross-border e-commerce, promoted the construction of overseas warehouses, stepped up efforts to build grand trade passageways including China-Europe freight routes and the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor, and shaped a network of free trade zones built with high standards. Between 2013 and 2020, China registered $9.2 trillion in total volume of goods trade with other Belt and Road countries.
二是投资合作持续提升，构建了互利共赢的产业链供应链。中国着力提升对外投资合作便利化水平，深化国际产能合作，推进三方和多方市场合作，同时积极吸引境外企业来华投资兴业。2013-2020年，中国对沿线国家直接投资累计达1360亿美元，沿线国家在华新设企业累计达2.7万家，实际投资累计约600亿美元。
Second, investment and cooperation continued to be improved and industrial and supply chains were established for mutual benefit. China focused on facilitating outward investment and cooperation, deepened international production capacity cooperation, and promoted trilateral and multilateral market collaboration, as well as actively attracting overseas enterprises to invest and operate their businesses in China. From 2013 to 2020, China invested a total of $136 billion directly into other Belt and Road countries, and a total of 27,000 enterprises from other Belt and Road countries were established in China, with total investment volume reaching approximately $60 billion.
三是合作项目落地见效，深化了互联互通的伙伴关系。中国与东道国共同推进设施联通，加快建设绿色项目、民生项目，合作建设境外经贸合作区。2013-2020年，中国企业在沿线国家承包工程完成营业额累计近6400亿美元。截至2020年末，中国企业在沿线国家建设的境外经贸合作区累计投资近400亿美元，上缴东道国税费超过44亿美元，为当地创造33万个就业岗位。
Third, cooperation projects were effectively implemented and partnerships for improving connectivity were deepened. China, with host countries, jointly promoted infrastructure connectivity, accelerated the construction of green projects and projects related to people's well-being, and co-established overseas economic and trade cooperation zones. Between 2013 and 2020, Chinese enterprises registered a turnover of $640 billion in contracted projects in other Belt and Road countries. As of the end of 2020, the economic and trade cooperation zones built by Chinese enterprises in these countries had seen investment of nearly $40 billion, paying fees and taxes to the host countries exceeding $4.4 billion, and creating 330,000 jobs for local people.
四是机制平台建立健全，打造了开放合作的宽广舞台。截至目前，172个国家和国际组织与中国签署了200多份共建“一带一路”合作文件，我们的朋友圈越来越大。商务部推动建立了90多个贸易畅通、投资合作、服务贸易和电子商务双边合作机制，务实解决合作中遇到的问题。同时，进博会、广交会、服贸会、消博会等成功举办，有力促进了与相关国家和地区的贸易往来。
Fourth, we set up and improved various mechanisms and platforms to provide tremendous opportunities for boosting openness and cooperation. So far, China has signed more than 200 cooperation documents with 172 countries and international organizations to promote the BRI, increasing its circle of friends. MOFCOM made efforts to build more than 90 bilateral cooperation mechanisms regarding unimpeded trade, investment and cooperation, service trade, and e-commerce to tackle problems encountered when cooperating via practical measures. At the same time, the successes of the CIIE, Canton Fair, CIFTIS and China International Consumer Products Expo have significantly boosted trade connections with the countries and regions involved.
五是抗疫合作有力有效，书写了构建人类命运共同体的生动实践。面对突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情，中国在全力做好自身疫情防控的同时，积极开展国际抗疫合作，与有关国家守望相助，共克时艰。截至目前，中国已向150个国家和13个国际组织提供了抗疫紧急援助，向200多个国家和地区出口了防疫物资，正在落实向102个国家和4个国际组织提供疫苗援助。
Fifth, we wrote a vivid chapter in building a community with a shared future for mankind when we worked together to fight against the COVID-19 pandemic with vigorous and effective measures. Faced with the sudden outbreak of the pandemic, China, while endeavoring to ensure proper domestic prevention and control measures, cooperated with other countries to overcome difficulties through mutual assistance. China has so far provided emergency assistance to 150 countries and 13 international organizations, and exported anti-epidemic supplies to more than 200 nations and regions, and is providing vaccine assistance to 102 nations and four international organizations.
下一步，商务部将按照党中央、国务院决策部署，持续深化“一带一路”经贸合作，提升贸易质量，创新投资合作，完善平台机制，加强风险防控，推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展，不断走深走实、行稳致远，为推动构建人类命运共同体不断作出新贡献。谢谢。
Going forward, MOFCOM will follow the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, continue to deepen economic and trade cooperation through the BRI, boost trade using well rounded approaches, make investments and build cooperative relationships innovatively, improve relevant platforms and mechanisms, strengthen risk prevention and control, and realize high-quality development through the BRI, thus making continued contributions to building a community with a shared future for mankind, with deeper and more solid measures. Thank you.
香港紫荆杂志记者:
外贸是拉动经济的“三驾马车”之一，对我国就业税收贡献很大，在全面建成小康社会的过程中发挥了重要的作用。当前，全球贸易形势还比较复杂，请问商务部对我国外贸发展前景怎么看？还会推出哪些政策措施？谢谢。
Hong Kong Bauhinia Magazine:
Foreign trade is one of the "three carriages" driving China's economy, contributing much to the country's employment and taxes, and playing a vital role in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Faced with the complicated global trade situation, what are MOFCOM's forecasts for China's foreign trade in the future? What policies and measures will you be taking? Thank you.
王文涛:
大家都知道外贸是拉动经济的“三驾马车”之一，你的问题是怎么看。我想从一系列数据来回答这个问题。
Wang Wentao:
As we all know, foreign trade is one of the "three carriages" driving China's economy. To answer your question, I will cite a series of statistics.
一是推动经济稳定发展。从2020年来看，我国的外贸规模已经达到了4.6万亿美元，我们的国际市场份额占了14.7%，创下历史新高。二是丰富了国内市场供给。习近平总书记亲自部署推动的进博会，除了出口外我们还扩大进口，很多商品都是老百姓喜欢的。而且进口商品，进入普通超市，进入千家万户，为消费者提供了更多选择。三是扩大了就业和税收。外贸带动就业1.8亿人左右。
First, foreign trade has promoted the steady development of the economy. In 2020, the scale of China's foreign trade hit a record high of $4.6 trillion, accounting for 14.7% of the international market share. Second, it has fueled supply in the domestic market. The CIIE planned, arranged and promoted by Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, has boosted imports, and provided numerous commodities favored by Chinese consumers. With imported goods going to ordinary supermarkets and millions of households, consumers now have more options. Third, it has expanded employment and taxes, bringing jobs to around 180 million people.
党的十八大以来，累计贡献了11%的财政总收入，同时外汇储备保持在3万亿美元左右，外贸有力保障了我们这么大一个国家的国际收支平衡。过去我们已经是货物贸易第一大国，去年货物与服务贸易总额跃居全球第一。
Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, China's foreign trade has contributed a total of 11% to the country's total financial revenue, while maintaining a stable foreign exchange reserve of around $3 trillion. It has effectively guaranteed the sound balance of international payment for a huge country like ours. China has already become the world's largest trading nation in goods. Last year, it ranked first in terms of total trade volume in goods and services globally.
怎么看？今年1-7月份，外贸持续保持快速增长势头，增速是24.5%，是十年来的新高。这里有很多因素，还有很多的一次性因素。所以明年上半年怎么看？我们觉得形势很严峻。不可能一次性因素持续那么久。比如有些是因为周边地区疫情加剧，订单会有一些回流，订单就会转到我们这里。随着疫情逐步减缓，回流的订单可能再转出去。还有一些防疫物资，开始的时候我们的口罩、防护服、呼吸机，因为疫情影响我们的出口量剧增，现在已经有较大幅度回落，这些一次性因素在逐步消退。所以我们看到下半年的增长逐步在放缓，明年的形势可能很严峻。同时，去年下半年我们开始恢复了，基数比较高。所以这个恢复，不可能一直持续那么高。我们希望这种恢复是逐步缓慢的，最后增长是在合理的区间里。在宏观政策上加强跨周期调节，使我们经济波动幅度能够在合理区间，防止大起大落对经济增长、市场主体的伤害。所以下半年，我们主要围绕跨周期调节，使外贸保持在合理区间。具体来说是稳增长、促创新、保畅通、扩合作四个方面。
How do we perceive this situation? China's foreign trade maintained an upward momentum in the first seven months of this year, with an increase of 24.5% year on year, hitting a 10-year high. This growth can be attributed to multiple factors, while of which are one-offs. Given the temporary nature of these one-off factors, we think the situation in the first half of next year will be very serious. For example, the increasingly severe pandemic situation in surrounding regions brought about the re-shoring of orders, with many orders shifting to China. However, as the pandemic has gradually been curbed, these re-shored orders might be transferred back. The exports of medical supplies such as masks, medical isolation gowns and respirators soared at the beginning of the pandemic. Now, there has been a sharp decline as these one-off factors fade away. We see growth gradually slowing as the second half of 2021 gets under way. We may encounter more severe challenges next year. At the same time, our economy started to recover from the second half of last year. Given the huge numbers, the rapid pace of recovery cannot be sustained for a long time. We hope the recovery will slow down in a gradual manner with growth eventually stabilizing within a reasonable range. Improving the cross-cycle policy adjustment will allow the economic fluctuations to stabilize within a reasonable range, and prevent harm from dramatic fluctuations in economic growth and market entities. So, for the second half of this year, we will concentrate on improving the cross-cycle policy adjustment in a bid to keep foreign trade within a reasonable range. Specifically, we will focus on four aspects: stabilizing growth, promoting innovation, ensuring a smooth flow in industrial and supply chains and expanding cooperation.
稳增长，主要是稳主体、稳订单。现在我们还面临一些困难，这也是国际上普遍遇到的，比如运力的影响和运费的高涨，大宗商品、原材料的上涨，还有人民币汇率升值的压力，劳动力成本的提高，这些是外贸企业碰到的“四难”，特别是中小企业更加困难，所以要采取一系列措施稳住市场主体、稳住订单。
We will stabilize growth, mainly in terms of market entities and orders. We are still faced with some difficulties, which are also commonly seen in the international community, such as limited shipping capacities and expensive shipping fees, rising prices of bulk commodities and raw materials, pressure caused by the rising renminbi exchange rate, and rising labor costs. These are the four main issues being faced by foreign trade companies. Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are facing rather difficult circumstances. Therefore, we will take a series of measures to stabilize market entities and orders.
促创新，除了传统外贸外现在还大力推进外贸新业态、新模式发展，比如跨境电商，支持高技术、高质量、高附加值产品的出口，加大中国品牌的海外推介力度。
We will promote innovation. Besides the traditional foreign trade activities, we will fully promote the development of new business forms and patterns, such as cross-border e-commerce and exports of high-tech, high-quality and high added value products. We will also step up efforts to promote Chinese brands overseas.
保畅通，保证我们的外贸产业链、供应链畅通。
We will ensure a smooth flow in both foreign trade industrial and supply chains.
扩合作，时间关系就不展开了，就是深化国际经贸合作。王受文副部长刚才回答大家问题的时候讲到，维护多边贸易体制，商签自贸协定、升级自贸协定，更深地融入到整个国际经济合作当中，既对世界的发展作出我们的贡献，也促进我们自身外贸的发展。谢谢。
We will expand cooperation. Due to time constraints, I will condense this point as deepening international economic and trade cooperation. As Mr. Wang said earlier, we should deeply integrate the efforts in protecting the multilateral trading system, negotiating FTAs and upgrading FTAs into overall international economic cooperation, and better play our part in promoting development of the globe and Chinese foreign trade. Thank you.
陈文俊:
时间关系，再提最后一个问题。
Chen Wenjun:
Due to time constraints, we will take one last question.
香港中评社记者:
我们注意到，去年全球跨国直接投资下降了约40%，但是中国吸收外资逆势上涨4.5%，这说明外资仍然看好中国市场。请问，外资对中国全面建成小康社会起到了怎样的作用？有一些外资企业也担心，构建新发展格局不再需要外资了，商务部对此怎么看？在吸收外资方面还将采取哪些措施？谢谢。
China Review News:
We have noted that last year, global cross-border direct investment fell by about 40%, but foreign investment in China registered a trend-bucking rise of 4.5%. This suggests that foreign investors are still optimistic about the Chinese market. What role has foreign investment played in China's efforts to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects? Some foreign-funded enterprises are worried that foreign investment will no longer be needed to foster a new development paradigm. What's MOFCOM's take on this? What other measures will be taken to attract foreign investment? Thank you.
王文涛:
这个问题我来回答。感谢你的提问，你讲的结论我完全赞同，确实，外资仍然看好中国市场。你的问题里面大概有三个方面：一是外资到底起到了什么作用；二是有些外资在担心，应当怎么看；三是下一步采取什么措施。我就从这三个方面来回答。
Wang Wentao:
Thank you for your question – I'll answer it. I completely agree with your conclusion that foreign investors are still optimistic about the Chinese market. Your question involves three aspects: first, the role foreign investment plays; second, our view on some foreign investors' concerns; third, what measures should be taken next. I will respond to these three aspects individually.
借这个机会，我对外资的作用和贡献作个简单评价。中国一直是外商投资的重要目的地。党的十八大以来，我们吸引外资总体规模保持增长态势，近四年来，引资规模一直稳居全球第二。特别是去年我们在全球外资下降40%的背景下，中国引资逆势增长4.5%，来之不易。外资企业是我国市场主体的重要组成部分，为中国经济社会发展作出了独特且重要的贡献。外资企业以占市场主体2%的比重，带动了约4000万人的就业，占全国城镇就业人口的1/10，贡献了我国1/6的税收，2/5的进出口。这充分的说明，外资企业是我国全面建成小康社会的重要参与者、见证者和贡献者。外资企业对中国作了贡献，同时在中国也获得了很好的发展。一些跨国公司，中国市场已经占了他们重要部分，甚至有些是主要部分，特别是利润来源的主要部分。据外国商会调查报告显示，去年虽然受到疫情影响，56%的美资企业、73%的欧资企业、89%的日资企业，仍实现了盈利。
Here, I'll make a simple evaluation of the role and contributions of foreign investment. China has always been an important destination for foreign investment. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the overall scale of foreign investment flowing into China has been on the rise and has been the second largest worldwide over the past four years. Especially last year, despite a 40% drop in global foreign investment, foreign investment entering China grew by 4.5%, bucking the declining global trend. This type of investment is not easy to come by. As an important part of China's market entities, foreign-funded enterprises have made unique and significant contributions to the country's economic and social development. Foreign enterprises account for 2% of all market entities in China and have created about 40 million jobs – one-tenth of the employed urban population. Additionally, they have contributed to one-sixth of China's tax revenue and two-fifths of imports and exports. This fully shows that foreign-invested enterprises are important participants in, witnesses, and contributors to China's building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. While foreign enterprises contribute to China's development, they themselves have also grown well in the country. The Chinese market has become an important and even main source of profit for some multinational companies. According to a survey by foreign chambers of commerce, 56% of U.S. enterprises, 73% of European enterprises, and 89% of Japanese enterprises in China made profits last year despite being affected by the pandemic.
我们现在提出了以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。有些解读比较片面，过多看到了国内大循环为主体，是不是不要外资了。这完全是误解。习近平总书记多次强调，构建新发展格局决不是封闭的国内循环，而是更加开放的国内国际双循环。事实上大部分在华外资企业也是双循环的践行者，国内循环他们是“在中国、为中国”，在国内生产、销售、采购，外资企业深深融入了国内大循环。另一方面，2/5的进出口是外资企业完成的，也推动了国内国际双循环。
We put forward fostering a new development paradigm with domestic circulation as the mainstay and domestic and international circulations reinforcing each other. Some one-sided interpretation of the paradigm focuses too much on the domestic circulation as the mainstay and worries about the discarding of foreign investment. This is a complete misunderstanding. General Secretary Xi Jinping has stressed many times that a new development pattern is by no means a closed domestic circulation, but a more open dual circulation that allows domestic and overseas markets to reinforce each other. In fact, most foreign enterprises in China are practitioners of dual circulation. Their domestic circulation is "in China and for China." They purchase, produce, and sell in China and are deeply integrated into the country's domestic circulation. At the same time, these companies have contributed two-fifths of China's imports and exports, which have also promoted domestic and international dual circulation.
下一步我们将采取哪些措施？还是四个方面：扩开放、强服务、保权益、优环境。
Next, we will take measures in four aspects: expanding opening-up, strengthening services, safeguarding rights and interests, and improving the business environment.
一是扩开放。受文副部长已经讲过，我前面也讲到我们会进一步缩减负面清单，抓紧研究出台2021年版负面清单。通过放宽准入，对限制越来越松，就是扩大开放。还有我们推动一些自贸协定谈判，积极参与和推动WTO改革。
First, we will open wider. Mr. Wang Shouwen has mentioned this. Just now, I also spoke about how we will further shorten the negative list and accelerate the efforts to formulate the 2021 version of the negative list. By widening the market access and relaxing the restrictions, we will open wider. We have also promoted negotiations on some free trade agreements and actively facilitated and participated in WTO reforms.
二是加大服务保障力度。对外资企业，我们同20部门和重点省份一起组建了重点外资项目工作专班，帮助重点外资企业和项目解决问题，专班一直在正常运行。商务部投资促进局还专门成立了全国外商投资企业投诉中心，电话是010-64404523。不仅是我们部，各省市都有接受外企投诉的机构，在商务部网站上可以查询。如果外资企业有什么困难和问题，可以通过不同层级来协调解决，就是“强服务”。
Second, we will step up efforts to guarantee services. We have set up special work teams with 20 departments and key provinces to help vital foreign enterprises and projects solve problems. The special teams have been operating normally. The Investment Promotion Agency of the Ministry of Commerce has established a National Center for Complaints of Foreign-Invested Enterprises – their telephone number is 010-64404523. All provinces and cities in the country have agencies for complaints from foreign companies, not only the MOFCOM, which can be checked on the official website of MOFCOM. If foreign enterprises encounter any difficulties or problems, they can solve them through coordination at different levels. This is what it means to "strengthen services."
三是加强外商投资合法权益保护。我们发挥好投诉机制作用，还要更好地维护他们的权益，依法维护外资企业权益。
Third, we will enhance protection of the legitimate rights and interests of foreign investors. We will make good use of the complaint mechanism and better protect their rights and interests in accordance with the law.
四是持续优化营商环境。实施好《外商投资法》和实施条例，完善配套，为大家创造市场化、法治化、国际化的营商环境。习近平总书记讲开放的大门只会越开越大。我们欢迎外资企业在中国投资，分享中国改革发展红利。谢谢大家。
Fourth, we will continue to improve the business environment. We will effectively implement the Foreign Investment Law and its implementation regulations, improve the supporting systems, and foster a business environment that is based on market principles governed by law and up to international standards. As General Secretary Xi Jinping has said, China will open its door only wider to the world. We're happy to see that foreign companies invest in China and can share the dividends of China's reform and development. Thank you.
陈文俊:
谢谢王部长和两位副部长，谢谢各位媒体朋友，今天的发布会就到这里。
Chen Wenjun:
Thank you, all the speakers. Thank you, friends from the media. That's all for today's press conference.
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发表于 2021-10-10 11:32:12
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