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China's idea of introducing a digital renminbi (RMB) took the world by surprise. Pilot programs have so far been launched in four cities and at 2022 Winter Olympics venues in the country. This is one of the building blocks of China's move towards "world market" status and greater involvement in setting the framework of the global economy.
中国发行数字人民币的计划使世界感到意外。到目前为止，中国已经在国内四个城市和2022年冬奥会场馆内部开展了内部测试，这是中国迈向全球市场地位的重要一环，也是中国进一步参与构建全球经济框架的重要基础。
What is the digital RMB?
不过首先来说说什么是数字人民币。
It is simply a digital form of China's physical currency. Powered by blockchain technology, it is distributed by China's central bank to second-tier providers including state-owned banks and online payment providers, such as Alipay and WeChat Pay. These second-tier providers are authorized to transfer digital currency to individuals and businesses that can then make payments with money in their digital wallets.
它是中国实物货币的数字形态。数字人民币运用区块链技术由中国央行发行给二级机构，包括国有银行和线上支付机构，比如支付宝和微信支付。经央行授权，这些二级机构可以向个人和企业提供数字货币。之后，个人和企业便可以用数字钱包中的货币进行支付。
Why move to a digital RMB?
为什么计划推出数字人民币？
This is a logical development because China already leads the world in digital transactions, accounting for 44 percent of the global digital payments' total transaction value. It's the world's first sovereign digital currency and so China will have full control over the currency's circulation.
这个转型合乎逻辑，中国在数字交易方面居世界领先地位，占全球数字支付总额的44%。数字人民币是世界上第一种主权数字货币，中国将完全控制该货币的流通。
What are the advantages?
数字人民币具有哪些优势？
Unlike China's hugely popular Alipay and WeChat Pay, transactions using the digital RMB can be done without the internet. It also won't require a bank account to access funds, so it will be of great benefit to the 20 percent of adults in China without bank accounts. This is a big step in helping poverty alleviation.
与当前中国非常流行的支付宝和微信支付不同，使用数字人民币进行交易，即便无互联网也可完成，此外，它也不需要银行账户即可存取资金，这对中国20%没有银行账户的成年人将大有裨益，并将有力推动中国的脱贫工作。
The digital RMB will help prevent illegal activities, such as money laundering, counterfeiting, illegal financing and tax evasion. Blockchain technology makes this possible. It allows real-time collection of data related to money creation and bookkeeping, and provides a useful reference for the implementation of monetary policies. This can improve economic planning because accurate economic information is quickly available.
数字人民币还能有效防止各类非法活动，如洗钱，伪造货币，非法融资和逃税等。这些都离不开区块链技术的有力支撑。数字货币还可以用于实时收集与货币创造和簿记有关的数据，为货币政策的实施提供有用的参考。由于央行可以快速获得准确经济数据，因此它还有助于改善经济计划。
Can the digital RMB be used outside China?
数字人民币可以在中国境外使用吗？
Yes. Even though at this stage the digital RMB is for domestic use only, in the future, individuals will be able to use it to make payments abroad. International businesses involved in China's import and export sectors can also do transactions in the digital yuan. For these businesses, the digital RMB is particularly useful because it reduces the time for trade settlements and reduces counter-party risks.
可以。虽然现阶段数字人民币限于在国内使用，但将来数字人民币可用于个人的境外支付。中国进出口行业中的国际企业也可以用数字人民币进行交易。对于这些企业来说，数字人民币的优势特别明显，因为它可以减少贸易结算时间，并降低交易对手风险。
The currency also makes it easier to settle trade transactions between Belt and Road Initiative partners, who use many different currencies. They will no longer need to use a third party currency to complete the transaction.
数字货币还能使一带一路倡议伙伴国之间的贸易结算更加便捷，解决当下这些国家的货币差异问题，他们将不再需要使用第三方货币来完成交易。
The digital RMB therefore promotes the internationalization of the RMB and helps to reshape the current cross-border payment system.
因此，数字人民币推动了人民币的国际化进程，并有助于重塑当前的跨境支付体系。
Currently, cross-border RMB settlement is highly dependent on the U.S. SWIFT system, but these cross-border payment and banking systems have been weaponized by the United States to impose financial sanctions on multiple parties. The digital RMB provides an independent alternative for cross-border payments.
目前，跨境人民币结算高度依赖于美国的SWIFT系统，然而这些跨境支付和银行系统被美国用作武器，对多国实施金融制裁。数字人民币为跨境支付业务提供了独立的替代方案。
How is the digital RMB related to China's dual circulation economy?
数字人民币与中国的双循环经济有何关系？
The digital RMB is the unifying feature of the dual circulation economy by seamlessly linking both domestic and external components so they are safe from foreign interference. A digital RMB stands by itself and does not need to use the U.S. dollar settlement system. It is an essential part of China's innovation and digital economy, which includes AI, big data, and 5G.
数字人民币是双循环经济的统一抓手，它将国内国际两个循环无缝连接，使二者不受外界干扰。数字人民币自成一体，不需要使用美元结算系统。它是包括人工智能，大数据和5G在内的中国自主创新和数字经济的重要组成部分。
Does the digital RMB mean China will isolate itself from the rest of the world?
数字化人民币是否意味着中国将与世界其他国家隔绝开来？
It means the exact opposite. The digital RMB allows China to expand its engagement with global trade partners and actively participate in reforming world economic governance.
恰恰相反。数字人民币能让中国扩大与全球贸易伙伴的交往，并积极参与世界经济治理改革。
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发表于 2021-2-9 09:40:40
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发表于 2021-2-11 10:28:41
