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坚定信心 携手前行 共创未来
——在世界经济论坛2019年年会上的致辞
王岐山
2019年1月23日，瑞士达沃斯
Stay Confident and Work Together for A Shared Future
--Speech by H.E. Wang Qishan
Vice President of the People's Republic of China
At the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting
Davos, 23 January 2019
 ↓回帖下载中文原声、英文同传视频、音频及全文↓
尊敬的施瓦布主席，
女士们，先生们，朋友们：
Dear Dr. Klaus Schwab,
Ladies and gentlemen,
Friends,
很高兴出席世界经济论坛2019年年会。
It gives me great pleasure to attend the 2019 World Economic Forum Annual Meeting.
今年是中国同论坛建立关系40周年。40年来，达沃斯小镇以其独特魅力，已经成为了中国观察世界、交流思想、阐述主张和谋求共识的重要平台。
This year is the 40th anniversary of the relations between China and the WEF. Over the past four decades, Davos, this lovely small town with its unique appeal, has become an important platform for China to learn about the world, exchange views, state its position and seek common understanding.
今年也是中华人民共和国成立70周年。70年来，中国发展取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就，社会生产力、综合国力实现了历史性跨越，人民生活迎来了从温饱不足到全面小康的伟大飞跃，国际地位和影响力空前提升。中国日益成为维护世界和平、促进共同发展的重要力量。
This year 2019 marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. The past seven decades have witnessed remarkable achievements in China's development. Our nation has made historical transformation in terms of social productivity and composite national strength and delivered initial prosperity to its people who were once struggling to meet their basic living needs. China's status and influence have risen as never before. Indeed, China has increasingly become an important force for upholding world peace and promoting common development.
许多外国朋友问我，中国何以取得如此大的发展与进步？发展壮大了的中国将如何与世界相处？我总是对他们说，历史、文化和哲学的考量是一把钥匙。昨天今天明天紧密相连，要了解中国的现实，就要了解中国的历史，才能预见中国的未来。
Many foreign friends have often put this question to me: What has made it possible for China to achieve so much in development and progress? And how will a stronger China engage the rest of the world? Well, these questions can be answered from historical, cultural and philosophical perspectives. Given the close linkage between the past, the present and the future, one needs to learn about China's past in order to understand its present and forecast its future.
中华文明5000多年连绵不绝。中华民族经历了苦难，也铸就了辉煌。西方工业文明和蓝色文明兴起时，当时中国的皇朝采取闭关锁国政策，中国落后了。落后就要挨打。中国近代以来，国家民族迭遭外辱内患，战乱频仍，人民饱受屈辱、苦难深重。中国人民始终不屈不挠、前仆后继，在一个世纪的黑暗摸索中，始终梦想实现国家富强、人民安康、民族复兴。
China has an uninterrupted civilization of more than 5,000 years, and the Chinese nation has both gone through sufferings and made splendid achievements. When the West embarked upon industrialization and embraced the oceans, China fell behind because its emperors chose to shut China's door to the world, and this made China a victim of foreign aggression. Since modern times began, China was beset by crises at home and abroad, and ravaged by wars and chaos, which inflicted untold sufferings to its people. However, in a century of darkness, the Chinese people, rising one upon another in an unyielding spirit, never stopped searching for a way towards national renewal and prosperity.
70年前，中国共产党带领中国人民经过艰苦卓绝的斗争，在半殖民地半封建社会的基础上建立起新中国，实现了民族独立和人民解放。从此，中华民族浴火重生、凤凰涅槃，步入了发展的新纪元。
Seventy years ago, the Communist Party of China, rallying the Chinese people around itself, engaged in an indomitable struggle and succeeded in establishing a New China in the ruins of an old semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, thus achieving national independence and liberation of the Chinese people. Since then, the Chinese nation has gained rebirth and entered a new era of development.
我们不忘初心，始终坚持中国共产党的领导，始终坚持社会主义根本政治经济制度，始终坚持以人民为中心的发展思想。从创设政权、建设新中国到推进改革开放、以经济建设为中心；从革命转向改革；从计划经济转向市场经济；从被孤立封闭转向全面开放；我们逐步破除迷信、克服理想化和教条主义，坚持解放思想、实事求是，不断将马克思主义基本原理和中国实际相结合。四、五代中国人走过了一条艰难曲折、上下求索之路，在正确和错误、经验和教训中付出过高昂的代价，更取得了辉煌成就，开辟出中国特色社会主义道路。艰辛奋斗70年、波澜壮阔70年，一个积贫积弱、生产力水平十分落后的农业大国已经发展为世界第二大经济体、第一大工业国、第一大货物贸易国，迎来了中华民族伟大复兴的光明前景。
We will stay true to the founding mission of the Communist Party of China, uphold its leadership and China's fundamental socialist political and economic systems and be guided by a people-centered development philosophy. From the founding and building of the People's Republic to the launching of the reform and opening-up program and the shifting of focus to economic development, we have moved away from revolution to reform, from a planned economy to a market economy and from isolation to all-round opening-up. In this process, we have broken free from the fetters of dogma and Utopian thinking, freed our minds and taken a realistic and pragmatic approach, and applied Marxism's basic tenets in the context of China's realities. Four to five generations of us Chinese have, going through twists and turns, probed a way forward. Through trials and errors, with many lessons learned and heavy prices paid along the way, we have made great accomplishments and embarked upon a path of building socialism with distinctive Chinese features. Thanks to 70 years of hard work and dedication, we have turned a weak and impoverished agrarian country with backward productivity into the world's second largest economy, the largest industrial manufacturer, and the largest trader of goods, creating bright prospects for the great renewal of the Chinese nation.
历史给我们的启迪是：
This is what history has told us:
——纵观世界历史，中华民族长期走在人类文明前列，为人类发展进步作出过独具特色的精彩贡献。中华文明深厚的历史文化底蕴存在于中国人的基因中，中国人的梦想是重新屹立于世界民族之林，实现民族的伟大复兴。
-- The Chinese nation, long among the leading civilizations in the world history, has made unique and significant contribution to human progress. The profound historical and cultural heritage of the Chinese nation is in the genes of its people. What we long for is to see China once again gain its rightful place among the nations of the world and achieve great rejuvenation.
——许多民族在漫长的历史长河中不断融合，形成了现在的中华民族。我们是热爱和平、开放包容、与时俱进的民族。我们继承中华优秀传统文化，也尊重不同文明和价值观，努力吸收人类文明的优秀成果。我们坚持走中国特色社会主义道路，也尊重各国人民自主选择的道路、制度。
-- The Chinese nation as we know today originates from a number of nationalities that embraced and integrated into one another throughout history. We are a peace-loving, open and inclusive nation that keeps abreast of the times. While keeping the fine Chinese culture alive and strong, we also respect other civilizations and values, and draw inspirations from other cultures. As we continue to follow the socialist path with distinctive Chinese features, we will respect other peoples' independent choices of paths and systems.
——中华文化信奉“达己达人、天下为公”，讲求“以礼待人、合作共赢”，反对“恃强凌弱、唯我独尊”。今天，中国利益、命运和世界利益、命运休戚相关，中国希望在谋求本国发展同时携手各国共同发展，与国际社会携手构建人类命运共同体。
-- The Chinese culture values the teachings that one should help others to succeed while seeking one's own success, create a world for all, treat others with respect and pursue win-win cooperation. We reject the practices of the strong bullying the weak and self-claimed supremacy. Today, China's interests and future are closely linked to those of the world. While developing itself, China also wishes to work with all countries for common development and a community with a shared future for mankind.
——70年的成就，不是从天上掉下来的，更不是别人恩赐的，而是中国人民用勤劳和汗水、智慧和勇气、改革和创新奋斗出来的！只有不断满足人民对美好生活的向往，才能获得人民的支持和拥护。中国人民众志成城，有能力应对各种风险和挑战。
-- The advances in China in the past 70 years are not a godsend, nor a gift from others. Rather, they are made by the Chinese people through vision, hard work, courage, reform and innovation. By striving to meet people's aspirations for a better life, we can surely win their support. United as one, we Chinese can surely overcome various risks and challenges.
——960多万平方公里面积、近14亿人口、5000多年文明史是我们最基本的国情，也是中国道路、理论、制度、文化自信的源泉。我们已经走上一条符合中国国情、适合时代要求的正确道路，还将在改革开放中不断完善和发展中国特色社会主义，对此我们充满信心、坚定不移。
-- A land of over 9.6 million square kilometers, a people of nearly 1.4 billion, and a history of over 5,000 years: These are the underlying features of China, and they are the source from which China derives confidence in its path, theory, system and culture. We have embarked on a right path that fits China's conditions and is in keeping with the trend of the times. And we will further improve and enrich socialism with distinctive Chinese features through reform and opening-up. This is a path we believe in, and we will steadily forge ahead along this path.
女士们、先生们！
Ladies and gentlemen,
近年来，全球经济新动能不足，发展不平衡、收入分配不平衡的问题加剧，新技术、新产业、新业态带来的新挑战凸显，各国政策内顾倾向明显，国际贸易和投资壁垒不断提高，全球单边主义、保护主义、民粹主义逐渐蔓延发酵，国际多边秩序遭到严重挑战。经济全球化是进是退？
In recent years, problems in the global economy such as lack of new growth drivers, unbalanced development and uneven income distribution have intensified. New challenges brought by new technologies, new industries and new forms of business have mounted. Many countries are increasingly looking inward when making policies; barriers to international trade and investment are increasing; and unilateralism, protectionism and populism are spreading in the world. All these are posing serious challenges to the international order. Will economic globalization move forward or reverse course?
回顾历史，上世纪兴起的经济全球化，起初只是西方发达国家、或者说是地中海文明的经济全球化。上世纪后期、本世纪以来，技术进步大大减少了各国间地理距离和交流障碍，加速了经济全球化进程，金砖国家和越南、印度尼西亚等一批新兴经济体兴起，才出现了当下意义的经济全球化。西方跨国公司、金融机构是经济全球化的主要推手，完全服从服务于利益最大化原则，在全球进行产业链布局，将资源配置到要素成本低、营商环境好的国家和地区。在这一过程中，中国从全球产业链的低端一步步走向中高端，逐渐富裕起来的近14亿人的有购买力的需求不断释放，巨大的市场潜力展现出非凡的魅力。
The economic globalization, which gained rapid ground in the last century, was started by Western developed countries, or the Mediterranean civilization. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, technological advances have significantly reduced the geographical distance and other barriers to exchanges among countries and accelerated the economic globalization process. The BRICS countries, Vietnam, Indonesia and other emerging economies have risen. As a result, economic globalization has reached a new stage as we now know. Western multinational corporations and financial institutions are the main drivers of economic globalization. As they seek maximum profit in their operations, they allocate resources to countries and regions with low-cost production factors and sound business environment when building global industrial chains. In this process, China has moved up from the low end to the medium and high end of the global industrial chain. The nearly 1.4 billion Chinese who are enjoying greater prosperity have unleashed huge demand backed by purchasing power. And this has unlocked enormous market potential that no one can afford to ignore.
世界各国优势互补，经济交融发展潜力巨大，经济全球化是历史必然。对于当前出现的问题和挑战，国际社会既要高度重视、深入思考，更要顺应潮流、主动作为，同舟共济加以应对。
Economic globalization represents an inevitable trend of history given the enormous potential that derives from harnessing the comparative advantages of countries and enhancing economic connectivity. In response to the problems and challenges in the world today, the international community need to make serious and deep-going analysis, and more importantly, take collective actions in line with the trend proactively.
在市场经济条件下，突出效率，公平总会受到影响。问题总是有内因外因，内因起主要作用。解决经济全球化过程中出现的问题必须对症下药，发展的不平衡要靠发展来解决。国家应当积极进行结构性改革，把握好公平和效率之间的关系，采取有效政策措施避免收入分配失衡加剧，应对好新技术和市场竞争给部分地区、行业造成的冲击，使民众可以从不断发展中普遍受益。我们只能在做大蛋糕的过程中寻求更好地切分蛋糕的办法，决不能停下来、就切蛋糕的办法进行无休止的争执。诿过于人也无助于问题解决。
Under market economy conditions, too much emphasis on efficiency often comes at the cost of equity. While there are both internal and external factors that cause a problem, the internal one plays the key role. Therefore we must take a targeted approach to address the problems that have emerged in the process of economic globalization. Development imbalances need to be resolved through further development. Countries need to press ahead with structural reform, strike a right balance between equity and efficiency, adopt effective policy measures to prevent the worsening of income inequality and fend off the impact on some regions and industries caused by new technologies and market competition, so that all people stand to gain from continued development. What we need to do is make the pie bigger while looking for ways to share it in a more equitable way. The last thing we should do is to stop making the pie and just engage in a futile debate on how to divide it. Shifting blame for one's own problems onto others will not resolve the problems.
面对问题，中国的选择是坚定不移把自己的事做好。当前，中国特色社会主义进入了新时代。发展不平衡问题在中国同样存在，中国社会的主要矛盾是人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。我们坚持发展是第一要务，统筹推进经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明“五位一体”建设，朝着全面建成小康社会不断迈进！
To address its problem, China's choice is to focus on managing our own affairs well. Socialism with distinctive Chinese features has entered a new era, yet China also faces the problem of imbalances in development. The principal issue confronting the Chinese society is that unbalanced and inadequate development cannot meet our people's ever-growing needs for a better life. We will pursue development as the top priority, promote coordinated economic, political, cultural, social and ecological advancement, and move steadily towards making China a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
中国坚持全面深化改革，啃下了不少硬骨头、闯过了不少急流险滩。供给侧结构性改革深入推进，数字经济等新兴产业蓬勃发展，创新型国家建设成果丰硕。脱贫攻坚战取得决定性进展，2013年以来农村贫困人口累计减少8000多万。生态环境治理明显加强，环境状况得到改善。全面从严治党，使执政的中国共产党更加坚强，反腐败斗争取得压倒性胜利。
We in China have continued to carry out reform across the board, resolving many tough issues and navigating dangerous rapids. Major headway has been made in supply-side structural reform, digital economy and other emerging industries are flourishing, and an innovation-driven China is taking shape. Decisive progress has been made in key battles of poverty alleviation, with the number of rural people living in poverty cut by over 80 million since 2013. Thanks to stronger measures taken, China's environment has been further improved. The Communist Party of China, the governing party in China, has strengthened itself by strictly enforcing party discipline, and a crushing victory has been secured in fighting corruption.
中国坚持推动全方位对外开放，促进“一带一路”国际合作，构建更高层次的开放型世界经济，以共商共建共享为理念，建设相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系。中国始终做世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者。
We in China have continued to promote opening-up across the board, advance international cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative, upgrade an open world economy, and work for a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, equity, justice and win-win cooperation under the principle of consultation and cooperation for shared benefit. China remains committed to building world peace, promoting global growth and upholding the international order.
女士们、先生们！
Ladies and gentlemen,
新技术是机遇也是风险和挑战。科学发现和技术创新每一次重大突破，都促进了人类社会的发展和进步，也会带来价值链、产业链、供应链的重构，打破现有的经济、社会、国家乃至地区间的平衡，挑战旧的规则和秩序。国家内部的经济社会管理、全球经济治理都需做出相应的调整。
New technologies bring opportunities, but they also create risks and challenges. Every major breakthrough in scientific discovery and technological innovation has greatly boosted human development and progress; but it has also led to the restructuring of value chains, industrial chains and supply chains, and disrupted the balance in the economy and society and between countries and regions. Indeed, such breakthrough challenges the existing rules and order. As a result, adjustments need to be made to both the economic and social governance of countries and global economic governance.
这次年会以“全球化4.0：打造第四次工业革命时代的全球架构”为主题，正当其时。当前正在发生的第四次工业革命，速度如此之快、规模如此之大、系统如此之复杂、对人类社会改变如此之深刻，是一次影响更为深远的全球化进程。要以全人类命运与共的视野和远见，共同构建第四次工业革命时代的全球架构。
We are meeting here under the theme "Globalization 4.0: Shaping a Global Architecture in the Age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution", which is highly relevant. The fourth industrial revolution, with its speed, scale and complexity and the way it shapes human society, represents a significant evolution of the globalization process. We must work together to shape the global architecture in the age of the fourth industrial revolution with the vision to create a better future for all mankind.
要守住全人类安全的底线，逐步探索建立相关规则和标准，同时为科学发现和技术创新、推广和利用留下广阔空间。要平衡照顾各国特别是新兴市场国家和发展中国家的利益，不能仅仅以发达国家、个别国家的安全、标准要求全世界。
We need to uphold the security of all mankind. We need to explore the adoption of relevant rules and standards in a phased way, while leaving broad space for the dissemination and application of scientific discovery and technological innovation. We need to accommodate in a balanced manner the interests of all countries, especially those of emerging markets and developing countries. One should not ask the whole world to address only the security concern and comply only with the standards of developed countries or individual countries.
要尊重各国主权，不搞技术霸权、不干涉他国内政，不从事、不纵容、不保护危害其他国家安全的技术活动。尊重各国自主选择的技术管理模式、公共政策和平等参与全球技术治理体系的权利。
It is imperative to respect national sovereignty and refrain from seeking technological hegemony, interfering in other countries' domestic affairs, and conducting, shielding or protecting technology-enabled activities that undermine other countries' national security. We need to respect the independent choices of model of technology management and of public policies made by countries, and their right to participating in the global technological governance system as equals.
要坚持多边主义，在相互尊重、相互信任的基础上，广泛开展对话合作，构建和平安全、民主透明、包容普惠的技术规则体系和国际合作新框架，使全人类都能从技术创新中受益。
We need to uphold multilateralism, engage in extensive dialogue and cooperation based on mutual respect and mutual trust, and jointly build a system of rules for technology and new international cooperation framework featuring peace, security, democracy, transparency, inclusiveness and mutual benefit, so that all people can gain from technological innovation.
要维护社会公平正义，确保技术创新在法治轨道和公认的国际准则基础上运行，由人类主导、为人类服务、符合人类的价值观。防止新技术成为实施恐怖主义的手段、违法犯罪的温床、侵害个人权利的途径。
We need to uphold social equity and justice, and ensure technological innovations are made in compliance with the rule of law and internationally recognized norms and that they are guided by us humans, meet our needs and be compatible with our values. We need to prevent technological advances from being turned into tools of committing terrorism and crimes or violating individual rights.
要改善政策环境，促进社会繁荣稳定。既尊重和维护好创新主体的权利、利益，也为民众适应技术的快速进步提供相应的教育、培训，使技术进步和普通人的生活就业相结合、和维护环境生态相结合、和人类的长远利益相结合。
We need to improve policy environment and promote social prosperity and stability. We should both respect and protect the rights and interests of innovators. At the same time, we should provide necessary education and training to enable the public to adapt to the fast advancement of technology and ensure that such advancement helps raise living standards, create jobs, protect the environment, and promote the long-term interests of mankind.
女士们，先生们！
Ladies and gentlemen,
世界在变化，前进如登山，信仰、信念、信心支撑着人类不断向前。在经济全球化深入发展的时代，全人类利益交融、命运与共。瑞士谚语说“火炬会互相点燃”，让我们互相照亮前路，携手前进，勇攀高峰，共创人类美好未来！
In this changing world, making advance is like climbing a mountain. It is commitment, conviction and confidence that drive us forward. In this era of unfolding economic globalization, all of us mankind share a common stake. As a Swiss proverb goes, "Torches light up each other." Let us illuminate the path ahead, progress together, ascend to the summit and jointly create a great future for all mankind.
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发表于 2019-1-28 23:47:54
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发表于 2019-1-29 20:28:21
