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回帖下载现场完整音视频及双语全文：
Speech at Munich Security Conference
15 February 2020
慕尼黑安全会议演讲
2020年2月15日
Excellencies, distinguished guests, dear colleagues and friends,
尊敬的各位嘉宾，亲爱的同事、朋友们：
Thank you for the opportunity to address you today. And especially my appreciation to my friend Ambassador Ischinger.
谢谢给我这个机会发表演讲，特别感谢我的老朋友伊申格尔大使。
Yesterday I was in Kinshasa, in the Democratic of the Congo, meeting with the President and other senior ministers to review progress against the Ebola outbreak and work together on a plan to strengthen DRC’s health system so that it never sees another outbreak like this again.
昨天，我在刚果民主共和国金沙萨市会见了该国总统和各位高级部长，回顾了抗击埃博拉疫情的进展，并共同制定了一项计划，以加强刚果民主共和国的卫生系统，使其再也不会遭遇类似的疫情。
I’d like to thank the President for his leadership, and for his vision of a healthier and safer DRC.
我要感谢刚果民主共和国总统的领导，以及他对一个更健康、更安全的刚果民主共和国的愿景。
We are finally starting to see the possibility of ending this outbreak, after more than 18 months and the loss of 2,249 lives. In the past week there has been just 1 case of Ebola, compared with 120 cases a week at the peak in April.
历经18个多月和2249人丧生之后，我们终于开始看到，这场疫情可能即将结束。过去一周，只有1例埃博拉病例，而在4月份的高峰期，每周就有120例。
This epidemic stands in stark contrast to the previous Ebola outbreak in the western part of DRC in 2018, an area that is relatively stable and peaceful. That outbreak was controlled in just three months.
这次流行疫情与2018年在刚果民主共和国西部暴发的埃博拉疫情形成了鲜明的对比。该地区相对稳定与和平，那次疫情仅用了三个月就得到了控制。
This experience illustrates a key lesson of history: disease and insecurity are old friends.
这一经历揭示了一个重大历史教训：疾病与不安全局势难解难分。
It was no coincidence that the 1918 flu pandemic erupted in the middle of the First World War, and killed more people than the First World War itself.
1918年在第一次世界大战期间暴发大流行性流感，死亡总人数超过第一次世界大战死亡人数，这绝非巧合。
It’s no coincidence that the final frontier for eradicating polio is in the most insecure regions of Pakistan and Afghanistan.
消灭脊髓灰质炎的最终前线位于巴基斯坦和阿富汗最不安全的地区，这也绝非巧合。
It’s no coincidence that Ebola has spread in the most insecure region of the DRC.
埃博拉在刚果民主共和国最不安全的地区传播亦非巧合。
Without peace, health can be an unattainable dream.
没有和平，健康就是一个无法企及的梦想。
But the opposite can also be true: epidemics have the potential to cause severe political, economic and social instability and insecurity.
反之亦然。流行病有可能导致严重的政治、经济和社会不稳定和不安全状况。
Health security is therefore not just the health sector’s business. It’s everybody’s business.
因此，健康保障不仅是卫生部门的事务，也是每个人的要务。
There are three main scenarios in which a coordinated response between the health and security sectors is essential:
在以下三种主要情况下，卫生部门与安全部门采取协调一致的应对措施至关重要：
First, high-impact epidemics in situations of conflict and insecurity, such as Ebola. In the last few years, 80% of outbreaks requiring an international response have occurred in countries affected by fragility, conflict and insecurity.
第一，在冲突和不安全局势中，埃博拉等流行病造成重大影响。在过去几年中，80%需要国际应对的疫情发生在脆弱的、陷入冲突和局势不安全的国家中。
Second, the emergence of a pathogen with pandemic potential, moving rapidly from country to country and requiring an immediate and large-scale response in countries.
第二，出现了某种可能会引发大流行病的病原体，而且这种病原体从一个国家迅速传播到另一个国家。这需要各国立即采取大规模应对措施。
And third, the deliberate or accidental release of biological agents – a hopefully rare event for which we must nonetheless be prepared.
第三，故意释放或意外泄露生物制剂。但愿这是一种罕见事件，尽管如此，我们仍必须为此做好准备。
The second of these three scenarios is what we are seeing now with the outbreak of COVID-19.
目前2019冠状病毒病疫情是这三种情况中的第二种。
Although PHEIC (Public Health Emergency of International Concern) is declared, with 99% of cases in China, this is still very much an emergency for that country. Because in the rest of the world we only have 505 cases and in China we have more than 66,000 cases.
世卫组织已宣布本次疫情为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。99%的病例发生在中国，所以在很大程度上，这仍然是中国的紧急突发事件。在世界其他地方，仅有505个病例，而在中国，病例总数超过66000例。
Let me be clear: it is impossible to predict which direction this epidemic will take.
我要明确指出，无法预测这一流行病将朝哪个方向发展。
What I can tell you is what encourages us, and what concerns us.
我能告诉各位的是，什么让我们感到欣慰，什么令我们感到担忧。
We are encouraged that the steps China has taken to contain the outbreak at its source appear to have bought the world time, even though those steps have come at greater cost to China itself. But it’s slowing the spread to the rest of the world.
我们感到欣慰的是，中国从源头上遏制疫情的措施虽给中国本身带来了巨大的代价，但看来为世界争取了时间，减缓了病毒向世界其他地区传播的速度。
We’re encouraged that outside China, we have not yet seen widespread community transmission.
我们感到欣慰的是，在中国以外，我们并没有看到广泛的社区传播。
We’re encouraged that the global research community has come together to identify and accelerate the most urgent research needs for diagnostics, treatments and vaccines.
我们感到欣慰的是，全球研究界汇聚一道，努力确定并快速满足诊断工具、疗法和疫苗等最迫切的研究需求。
We’re encouraged that we have been able to ship diagnostic kits, as well as supplies of masks, gloves, gowns and other personal protective equipment to some of the countries that need it most.
我们感到欣慰的是，我们能够向一些最需要的国家运送诊断试剂盒，以及口罩、手套、防护服和其他个人防护装备。
We’re encouraged that an international team of experts is now on the ground in China, working closely with their Chinese counterparts to understand the outbreak, and to inform the next steps in the global response.
我们感到欣慰的是，一个国际专家小组目前已抵达中国，正与中国同行密切合作，了解疫情，并协助制订全球后续应对措施。
But we also have concerns.
但我们也有担忧。
We’re concerned by the continued increase in the number of cases in China.
我们对中国病例数量持续增加感到担忧。
We’re concerned by reports from China yesterday of the number of health workers who have been infected or have died.
我们对中国昨天通报的卫生工作者感染和死亡人数感到担忧。
We’re concerned by the lack of urgency in funding the response from the international community.
我们对国际社会未能紧急提供应急行动资金感到担忧。
We’re concerned about the severe disruption in the market for personal protective equipment, which is putting front line health workers and carers at risk.
我们对个人防护装备市场的严重混乱感到担忧，这使一线卫生工作者和护理人员面临风险。
We’re concerned about the levels of rumours and misinformation that are hampering the response.
大量谣言和错误信息阻碍了应对行动，我们对此感到担忧。
And most of all, we’re concerned about the potential havoc this virus could wreak in countries with weaker health systems.
最重要的是，我们担心这种病毒可能给卫生系统薄弱的国家造成灾难。
The outbreaks of Ebola and COVID-19 underscore once again the vital importance for all countries to invest in preparedness and not panic.
埃博拉和2019冠状病毒病疫情再次表明，至关重要的是，各国应做好防备，不要陷入恐慌。
Two years ago, WHO and the World Bank founded the Global Preparedness Monitoring Board, an independent body to assess the state of the world’s readiness for a pandemic. My sister Gro Bruntland, the co-chair of the Board, is actually here.
两年前，世卫组织和世界银行成立了全球防范工作监测委员会。这是一个独立机构，负责评估世界应对大规模流行病的防范情况。
Last year the board published its first report, which concluded the world remains badly prepared.
去年，委员会发表了第一份报告，认为世界仍然准备不足。
For too long, the world has operated on a cycle of panic and neglect. We throw money at an outbreak, and when it’s over, we forget about it and do nothing to prevent the next one.
长久以来，世界一直在恐慌与忽视中循环往复。我们在疫情暴发时投入资金，当疫情结束时，便会遗忘，不采取任何措施来阻止下一次疫情暴发。
The world spends billions of dollars preparing for a terrorist attack, but relatively little preparing for the attack of a virus, which could be far more deadly and far more damaging economically, politically and socially.
全世界花费巨资用于防备恐怖袭击，但却在预防病毒攻击上花费很少。然而病毒攻击可能更加致命，在经济、政治和社会领域的破坏也更大。
This is frankly difficult to understand, and dangerously short-sighted.
坦率地说，这是令人难以理解的。这是一种危险的短视。
Today, I have three requests for the international community.
今天，我对国际社会提出三项请求。
First, we must use the window of opportunity we have to intensify our preparedness.
首先，必须善用我们目前的机会之窗加强防范。
China has bought the world time. We don’t know how much time.
中国为世界争取了时间。但我们不知道争取了多少时间。
All countries must be prepared for the arrival of cases, to treat patients with dignity and compassion, to prevent onward transmission, and to protect health workers.
所有国家都必须为疫情的到来做好准备，以尊重和同情的方式对待病人，防止疾病继续传播，并保护卫生工作者。
WHO is working with manufacturers and distributors of personal protective equipment to ensure a reliable supply of the tools health workers need to do their job safely and effectively.
世卫组织正在与个人防护装备的制造商和经销商合作，确保向卫生工作者可靠供应其安全有效完成工作所需的装备。
But we’re not just fighting an epidemic; we’re fighting an infodemic.
我们抗击的不只是流行病，我们还在抗击“谣言疫情”。
Fake news spreads faster and more easily than this virus, and is just as dangerous.
假新闻比这一病毒传播的更快、更容易，但同样危险。
That’s why we’re also working with search and media companies like Facebook, Google, Pinterest, Tencent, Twitter, TikTok, YouTube and others to counter the spread of rumours and misinformation.
我们为此与搜索引擎和媒体公司合作，例如与脸书、谷歌、推特、YouTube、拼趣、腾讯、抖音等公司一道，对抗谣言和虚假信息的传播。
We call on all governments, companies and news organizations to work with us to sound the appropriate level of alarm, without fanning the flames of hysteria.
我们呼吁所有政府、公司和新闻机构与我们合作，发出恰当的警报，而不是煽动歇斯底里的狂焰。
Second, this is not a job for health ministers alone. It takes a whole-of-government approach.
其次，这不仅仅是卫生部长的工作，需要政府各部门统一应对。
But that approach must be coherent and coordinated, guided by evidence and public health priorities.
但政府各部门必须连贯一致，统一应对，以证据为基础，并根据公共卫生重点开展工作。
In many countries, measures have been taken by one part of government without appropriate consultation with the health ministry, or consideration of the impact of these measures.
在许多国家，政府某些部门在没有与卫生部进行恰当协商的情况下就采取了措施，而且并未考虑到这些措施的影响。
Now more than ever is the time for us to let science and evidence lead policy.
我们现在比以往任何时候都更需要以科学和证据指导政策。
If we don’t, we are headed down a dark path that leads nowhere but division and disharmony.
如果我们不这样做，我们将陷入分裂和不和，迈向黑暗的深渊。
And third, we must be guided by solidarity, not stigma. I repeat this: we must be guided by solidarity, not stigma.
第三，我们必须团结一致，而不是污名化。我再说一遍：我们必须团结一致，而不是污名化。
The greatest enemy we face is not the virus itself; it’s the stigma that turns us against each other. We must stop stigma and hate!
我们面临的最大敌人不是这一病毒本身，而是导致人们对立的污名化。我们必须停止污名化和仇恨！
Much has been written and said about my praise for China.
有太多人评论我称赞中国。
I have given credit where it’s due, and I will continue to do that, as I would and I did for any country that fights an outbreak aggressively at its source to protect its own people and the people of the world, even at great cost to itself.
我对中国的称赞是实至名归的，我还将继续赞扬中国。我会称赞任何从源头上大力抗击疫情从而保护本国人民以及世界人民，甚至不惜付出巨大代价的国家。
It’s easy to blame. It’s easy to politicize. It’s harder to tackle a problem together, and find solutions together.
指责很容易，政治化也很容易。而一起解决一个问题，一道寻找解决方案则很艰难。
We will all learn lessons from this outbreak. But now is not the time for recriminations or politicization.
我们都将从这次疫情中吸取教训。但现在不是相互指责或政治化的时候。
We have a choice. Can we come together to face a common and dangerous enemy? Or will we allow fear, suspicion and irrationality to distract and divide us?
我们需要作出选择。我们能够携手并肩对付一个共同且危险的敌人吗？还是我们任由恐惧、怀疑和非理性左右，四分五裂？
In our fractured and divided world, health is one of the few areas in which international cooperation offers the opportunity for countries to work together for a common cause.
在我们这个支离破碎的世界中，卫生是少有的能让各国为一项共同事业开展国际合作和共同奋斗的一个领域。
This is a time for facts, not fear.
This is a time for rationality, not rumours.
This is a time for solidarity, not stigma.
此时此刻，需要事实，而非恐惧。
此时此刻，需要理性，而非谣言。
此时此刻，需要团结，而非污名化。
I thank you.
谢谢。 |
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